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Guide to Geothermal Energy and the Environment Geothermal plants

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Guide to Geothermal Energy and the Environment Geothermal plants ( guide-geothermal-energy-and-environment-geothermal-plants )

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goal, instead of eliminating all impacts, should be to minimize impacts. Because we cannot feasibly shut down all electricity producers, we must look to alternative sources such as geothermal energy. XVII. Summarized Environmental Benefits of Geothermal Energy In light of the inevitable impact and use of energy, specifically electricity, in the United States, it is important to consider the environmental benefits of geothermal energy, especially when compared to more common energy sources such as fossil fuels. Although geothermal provides environmentally sound electricity to millions of Americans, it supplies only a small percentage of total domestic electricity. In highlighting some of the most important environmental benefits of geothermal energy, the bullets below support the expanded development of geothermal power production. • Geothermal energy is reliable. Because geothermal resources are available 24 hours a day regardless of changing weather, geothermal energy is as reliable as any fossil fuel facility. Geothermal is a renewable energy technology that can offer baseload or intermediate power, is dispatchable, and can achieve high capacity factors. Geothermal represents a plentiful resource that has not been utilized to its full potential. As an additional bonus, geothermal energy does not rely upon energy imports. Geothermal is an indigenous source of energy. • Geothermal energy is renewable. Geothermal resources are sustainable because of the heat from the earth and water injection, and thus will not diminish like fossil fuel reserves. As time progresses and technology improves, our ability to extract geothermal resources with ease will increase, not decrease. • Geothermal energy produces minimal air emissions and offsets the high air emissions of fossil fuel-fired power plants. Emissions of nitrous oxide, hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter, and carbon dioxide are extremely low, especiallywhencomparedtofossilfuelemissions. Thebinarygeothermalplant, which currently represents around 15 percent of all geothermal plant capacity, along with the flash/binary plant, produce nearly zero air emissions. Lake County, California, downwind of The Geysers, has met all federal and state ambient air quality standards for seventeen years. At The Geysers, air quality has even improved as a result of geothermal development because hydrogen sulfide, which would ordinarily be released naturally into the atmosphere by hot springs and fumaroles, instead now passes through an abatement system that reduces hydrogen sulfide emissions by 99.9 percent. • Geothermal energy can offset other environmental impacts. Wastewater that would otherwise damage surface waters is being used to recharge The Geysers geothermal system and irrigate local land. In addition, electricity generation from geothermal resources eliminates the mining, processing and transporting required 61

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