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An organic Rankine cycle is a Rankine cycle that utilizes an organic based fluid as the working fluid. An organic fluid is defined as a fluid that contains carbon. The main types of organic fluids are refrigerants or hydrocarbon chain fluids. The first organic Rankine cycle was developed by two Israeli solar engineers, Harry Zvi Tabor and Lucien Bronicki. They originally started the Israeli Solar Engineering project in the late 1950’s. They realized that low-grade heat was available from the sun and that they could convert this heat to electricity for use in rural areas that were unable to connect to the electrical grid directly. They first looked at using a reciprocating engine but decided that there were too many moving parts and many maintenance issues for a very rural application so they decided to design the first organic Rankine cycle, which could utilize the low temperature waste heat and only had one moving part in the turbine. The first organic Rankine cycle was designed in 1961 and was displayed in the United Nations conference on New Sources of energy in Rome. The prototype was a three-kilowatt system and did not get widely produced after its premier. In the 1970’s and 1980’s the organic Rankine cycle was looked at by many research groups, especially NASA and the Department of Energy (DOE), to be used in large prime movers, such as boats or trains, that are running for a long time and have a high exhaust rate. The main focus of these studies was to reroute the heat from the exhaust and use it in an organic Rankine cycle to provide electricity for the boat or train. Due to the lack of computer modeling and inability to produce efficient turbines at the time much of this research never 3PDF Image | NESTER, RYAN TIMOTHY. Organic Rankine Cycles: A Comparative Study and Analysis of Multiple Applications.
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