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NESTER, RYAN TIMOTHY. Organic Rankine Cycles: A Comparative Study and Analysis of Multiple Applications.

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NESTER, RYAN TIMOTHY. Organic Rankine Cycles: A Comparative Study and Analysis of Multiple Applications. ( nester-ryan-timothy-organic-rankine-cycles-comparative-study )

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weak function of the maximum temperature in the cycle. This plot is also different than the previous fluids because with the previous fluids the higher pressures had overall higher thermal efficiencies than the lower pressures, this is not the case for R-123. R-123 shows that the lower pressures have a higher thermal efficiency. This leads to the assumption that R-123 is better suited for ORC’s that operate at lower pressure. ORC’s that operate at a lower pressure inherently operate at a lower temperature because the saturation temperature of the fluid is decreased when the pressure is decreased. Even though the thermal efficiency of R- 123 shows different trends than the previous working fluids its efficiency is still not as high as the efficiency of the ORC using R-245fa as the working fluid. Overall it can be seen that the operating conditions of the ORC’s are mainly defined by the temperature and the pressure within the boiler. The thermal efficiency for the cycle appears to be very dependent on the working fluid rather than the operating conditions of the ORC. It was also found the R-245fa is the most consistently efficient working fluid for small-scale operation. Using R-123 as the working fluid is most efficient when the pressure or temperature is lowest and using R-245ca is most efficient when the pressure or temperatures are very high. The maximum thermal efficiency was found using R-123 at a pressure of 87 psia and a work output of 500 kW. The lowest efficiency was found to be using R-245ca at a pressure of 50 psia and a work output of 500kW. Now that the entire cycle was analyzed theoretically and no efficiencies or loses were taken into account, all the iterations of the cycle was analyzed using isentropic efficiencies for the pump and the turbine. This was done to get a more realistic idea of the efficiency and 35

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