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The facility fires the kilns using waste fuel. The main waste fuels used are paint thinner and nail polish thinner. This type of fuel is used mainly because of its cheap price. The facility is a prime candidate for an ORC because of the high mass flow rate of air in the kilns and the high temperature of the kilns. The exhaust air leaving the kiln is processed through a baghouse to collect the debris left in the exhaust and then it is pumped into the atmosphere at a seemingly low temperature, about 365 degrees Fahrenheit which is perfect for utilization in an ORC. An ORC can take different forms of heat as its input, most of the ORC’s for sale use either hot water or heated thermal oil as the input fluid. A liquid input is preferred to a gaseous input because it is easier to ensure that the fluid contains almost no contaminants. This means that the waste heat from the bag house needs to be run through a heat exchanger containing either thermal oil or water before it enters the ORC. Water was chosen in this case due to cost of the thermal oil. Once the water is heated to about 2000F it enters the evaporator and transfers its heat to the refrigerant in the ORC causing it to change phase and turn into a gas. The hot gas then enters the turbine/generator and produces electricity and the warm water exits the evaporator and returns to a storage tank. The gaseous refrigerant is then pumped through the recuperator heat exchanger and gives some of its heat to the refrigerant that is about to enter the evaporator. The gaseous refrigerant then enters the condenser and is cooled by water until it changes phase and becomes a liquid again. The liquid refrigerant then enters the pump and is pumped through the recuperator heat exchanger then to the evaporator. The 60PDF Image | NESTER, RYAN TIMOTHY. Organic Rankine Cycles: A Comparative Study and Analysis of Multiple Applications.
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