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3 EP 2 713 017 A2 4 ious embodiments of the present invention in order that the detailed description that follows may be better under- stood and in order that the present contributions to the art may be better appreciated. There are, of course, other features of the invention that will be described hereinafter and which will be set forth in the appended claims. In this respect, before explaining several embodiments of the invention in details, it is understood that the various em- bodiments of the invention are not limited in their appli- cation to the details of the construction and to the ar- rangements of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be under- stood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. [0013] As such, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the conception, upon which the disclosure is based, may readily be utilized as a basis for designing other structures, methods, and/or systems for carrying out the several purposes of the present invention. It is important, therefore, that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent constructions insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS [0014] A more complete appreciation of the disclosed embodiments of the invention and many of the attendant advantages thereof will be readily obtained as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following detailed description when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Fig. 1 illustrates a combined gas turbine-ORC sys- tem according to the related art; Fig. 2 illustrates a combined gas turbine-ORC sys- tem for mechanical drive purposes, according to the present disclosure; Figs.3 and 4 schematically illustrate the main fea- tures of a two-stage turboexpander. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION [0015] The following detailed description of the exem- plary embodiments refers to the accompanying draw- ings. The same reference numbers in different drawings identify the same or similar elements. Additionally, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. Also, the following detailed description does not limit the invention. Instead, the scope of the invention is defined by the ap- pended claims. [0016] Reference throughout the specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "some embodi- ments" means that the particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with an embodi- ment is included in at least one embodiment of the subject matter disclosed. Thus, the appearance of the phrase "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" or "in some em- bodiments" in various places throughout the specification is not necessarily referring to the same embodiment(s). Further, the particular features, structures or character- istics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. [0017] Referring to Fig. 2, reference number 1 desig- nates a gas turbine for driving a load 2. In some exem- plary embodiments the load can be a compressor or a compressor train. For instance, the gas turbine 1 can be used to drive one or more compressors in a natural gas liquefaction installation or in a pipeline compression sta- tion. In some embodiments the gas turbine 1 can be a heavy duty turbine. In other embodiments the gas turbine 1 can be an aeroderivative gas turbine. [0018] The gas turbine 1 generates high-temperature combustion gases. Waste heat contained in the combus- tion gases is at least partly recovered, before discharging the combustion gases in the atmosphere, using an or- ganic Rankine cycle as disclosed here below. [0019] For the purpose of heat recovery, in the exem- plary embodiment of Fig.2 the combustion gases flow through a heat recovery exchanger 3 before being dis- charged in the atmosphere. [0020] A first closed loop 4 is used to remove heat from the heat exchanger 3 and transfer it to a second closed loop 5. In the first closed loop 4 a heat transfer fluid, for example diathermic oil, is used to transfer heat removed from the combustion gases into the second closed loop 5. Reference number 6 designates a circulating pump of first closed loop 4. [0021] The second closed loop 5 is a thermodynamic cycle and more specifically an organic Rankine cycle. A process fluid circulating in the second closed loop 5 is subject to thermodynamic transformations including con- densing, pumping, heating, vaporizing, superheating, ex- panding, to transform heat energy into mechanical ener- gy. A suitable working fluid, for example cyclopentane, or another suitable organic fluid usable in an organic Rankine cycle, is circulating in the second closed loop 5. [0022] In some exemplary embodiments, the second closed loop 5 comprises a circulating pump 7, a preheater 9a, a vaporizer 9, a superheater 11, a turboexpander 13, a recuperator 15 and a condenser 17. Additional com- ponents can be present in the circuit, as known to those skilled in the art, such as an expansion vessel. [0023] The working fluid in the liquid state circulating in the second loop closed 5 is pumped at a first, high pressure level by the circulating pump 7. The pressurized fluid is heated in the preheater 9a, in the vaporizer 9 and in the superheater 11 by means of heat recovered by the fluid circulating in the first closed loop 4. A different number and arrangement of heat exchangers can be pro- vided, e.g. only two heat exchangers, a heater and a 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 3PDF Image | organic rankine cycle for mechanical drive applications
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