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figure 2.4: a typical load curve throughout europe, shows electricity use peaking and falling on a daily basis Time (hours/days) figure 2.5: the evolving approach to grids Current supply system • Low shares of fluctuating renewable energy LOAD CURVE 12h 18h Time of day (hour) LOAD CURVE image GREENPEACE OPENS A SOLAR ENERGY WORKSHOP IN BOMA. A MOBILE PHONE GETS CHARGED BY A SOLAR ENERGY POWERED CHARGER. 2 DEMAND • The ‘base load’ power is a solid bar at the bottom of the graph. • Renewable energy forms a ‘variable’ layer because sun and wind levels changes throughout the day. • Gas and hydro power which can be switched on and off in response to demand.This is sustainable using weather forecasting and clever grid management. • With this arrangement there is room for about 25 percent variable renewable energy. To combat climate change much more than 25 percent renewable electricity is needed. Supply system with more than 25 percent fluctuating renewable energy > base load priority • This approach adds renewable energy but gives priority to base load. • As renewable energy supplies grow they will exceed the demand at some times of the day, creating surplus power. • To a point, this can be overcome by storing power, moving power between areas, shifting demand during the day or shutting down the renewable generators at peak times. Does not work when renewables exceed 50 percent of the mix, and can not provide renewable energy as 90- 100% of the mix. 0h 6h ‘FLEXIBLE POWER’. GRID OPERATOR COMBINES GAS & HYDRO FLUCTUATING RE POWER BASELOAD 24h SURPLUS RE - SEE FOLLOWING OPTIONS BASELOAD PRIORITY: NO CURTAILMENT OF COAL OR NUCLEAR POWER BASELOAD 24h 0h 6h 12h 18h Time of day (hour) 37 the energy [r]evolution concept | THE NEW ELECTRICITY GRID GW GW Load (MW/GW) © GP/PHILIP REYNAERSPDF Image | SUSTAINABLE WORLD ENERGY OUTLOOK
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