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image GAS PIPELINE CONSTRUCTION IN THE BRADFORD COUNTY COUNTRYSIDE. IN DECEMBER 2011, THE PITTSBURGH TRIBUNE-REVIEW REPORTED THAT THE 8,500 MILES (29,773 KMS) OF GAS PIPELINE IN PENNSYLVANIA COULD QUADRUPLE OVER THE NEXT 20 YEARS. THE ARTICLE POINTS OUT THAT COMPANIES HAVE ALREADY DOUBLED ANNUAL SPENDING ON PIPELINE PROJECTS IN PENNSYLVANIA TO $800 MILLION. image WIND TURBINES ON THE STORY COUNTY 1 ENERGY CENTER, JUST NORTH OF COLO. EACH TURBINE HAS A 1.5-MEGAWATT CAPACITY AND CONTRIBUTES TO GENERATING ELECTRICITY FOR UP TO 75,000 HOMES. THE NEXTERA ENERGY-OWNED WIND FARM HAS BEEN IN OPERATION SINCE 2008. oecd north america: transport In the transport sector, it is assumed under the Energy [R]evolution scenario that an energy demand reduction of 21,207 PJ/a can be achieved by 2050 compared to the Reference scenario, saving 69%. This reduction can be achieved by the introduction of highly efficient vehicles, by shifting the transport of goods from road to rail and by changes in mobility- related behaviour patterns. Implementing attractive alternatives to individual cars, the car stock is growing slower than in the Reference scenario. A shift towards smaller cars triggered by economic incentives together with a significant shift in propulsion technology towards electrified power trains and a reduction of vehicle kilometres travelled by 0.25% per year leads to significant final energy savings. In 2030, electricity will provide 5% of the transport sector’s total energy demand in the Energy [R]evolution, 33% by 2050. table 5.10: oecd north america: transport energy demand by mode under the reference scenario and the energy [r]evolution scenario (WITHOUT ENERGY FOR PIPELINE TRANSPORT) IN PJ/A Rail REF E[R] 2009 2020 522 699 522 832 24,975 25,902 24,975 22,319 2,186 2,321 2,186 2,151 237 286 237 294 27,920 29,208 27,920 25,596 2030 692 839 25,378 14,810 2,272 1,906 286 285 28,628 17,839 2040 2050 5 719 746 826 764 25,917 26,224 8,120 6,382 2,446 2,753 1,827 1,947 299 312 271 263 29,382 30,036 11,044 9,356 Road Domestic aviation Domestic navigation Total REF E[R] REF E[R] REF E[R] REF E[R] figure 5.28: oecd north america: final energy consumption for transport under the reference scenario and the energy [r]evolution scenario 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 PJ/a 0 • ‘EFFICIENCY’ • HYDROGEN • ELECTRICITY BIOFUELS •NATURAL GAS • OIL PRODUCTS REF 2009 E[R] REF E[R] 2015 REF E[R] 2020 REF E[R] 2030 REF E[R] REF 2040 2050 E[R] 95 © LES STONE/GP © KARUNA ANG/GP key results | OECD NORTH AMERICA - TRANSPORTPDF Image | SUSTAINABLE WORLD ENERGY OUTLOOK
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