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image THE PIONEERING REYKJANES GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT USES STEAM AND BRINE FROM A RESERVOIR AT 290 TO 320oC, WHICH IS EXTRACTED FROM 12 WELLS THAT ARE 2,700 METERS DEEP. THIS IS THE FIRST TIME THAT GEOTHERMAL STEAM OF SUCH HIGH TEMPERATURE HAS BEEN USED FOR ELECTRICAL GENERATION. THE REYKJANES GEOTHERMAL POWER PLANT GENERATES 100 MWE FROM TWO 50 MWE TURBINES, WITH AN EXPANSION PLAN TO INCREASE THIS BY AN ADDITIONAL 50 MWE BY THE END OF 2010. image RENEWABLE ENERGY FACILITIES ON A FORMER US-BASE IN MORBACH, GERMANY. MIXTURE OF WIND, BIOMASS AND SOLAR POWER RUN BY THE JUWI GROUP. oecd europe: transport In the transport sector, it is assumed under the Energy [R]evolution scenario that an energy demand reduction of about 9,500 PJ/a can be achieved by 2050, saving 62% compared to the Reference scenario. Energy demand will therefore decrease between 2009 and 2050 by 59% to 5,800 PJ/a.This reduction can be achieved by the introduction of highly efficient vehicles, by shifting the transport of goods from road to rail and by changes in mobility related behaviour patterns. Implementing a mix of increased public transport as attractive alternatives to individual cars, the car stock is growing slower and annual person kilometres are lower than in the Reference scenario. A shift towards smaller cars triggered by economic incentives together with a significant shift in propulsion technology towards electrified power trains and the reduction of vehicle kilometres travelled lead to significant energy savings. In 2030, electricity will provide 13% of the transport sector’s total energy demand in the Energy [R]evolution, while in 2050 the share will be 46%. table 5.23: oecd europe: transport energy demand by mode under the reference scenario and the energy [r]evolution scenario (WITHOUT ENERGY FOR PIPELINE TRANSPORT) IN PJ/A Rail REF E[R] 2009 2020 389 430 389 457 12,984 13,535 12,984 10,939 368 475 368 442 315 331 315 303 14,055 14,771 14,055 12,141 2030 2040 2050 5 482 537 581 520 562 596 13,460 13,675 13,757 8,040 5,543 4,572 491 507 518 420 410 392 331 338 341 265 247 240 14,764 15,057 15,198 9,244 6,762 5,800 Road Domestic aviation Domestic navigation Total REF E[R] REF E[R] REF E[R] REF E[R] figure 5.54: oecd europe: final energy consumption for transport under the reference scenario and the energy [r]evolution scenario 16,000 14,000 12,000 10,000 8,000 6,000 4,000 2,000 PJ/a 0 • ‘EFFICIENCY’ • • HYDROGEN • ELECTRICITY • BIOFUELS •NATURAL GAS OIL PRODUCTS REF 2009 E[R] REF E[R] 2015 REF E[R] 2020 REF E[R] 2030 REF E[R] REF 2040 2050 E[R] 115 © STEVE MORGAN/GP © LANGROCK/ZENIT/GP key results | OECD EUROPE - TRANSPORTPDF Image | SUSTAINABLE WORLD ENERGY OUTLOOK
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