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image A MAINTENANCE ENGINEER INSPECTS A WIND TURBINE AT THE NAN WIND FARM IN NAN’AO. GUANGDONG PROVINCE HAS ONE OF THE BEST WIND RESOURCES IN CHINA AND IS ALREADY HOME TO SEVERAL INDUSTRIAL SCALE WIND FARMS. MASSIVE INVESTMENT IN WIND POWER WILL HELP CHINA OVERCOME ITS RELIANCE ON CLIMATE DESTROYING FOSSIL FUEL POWER AND SOLVE ITS ENERGY SUPPLY PROBLEM. image image A LOCAL TIBETAN WOMAN WHO HAS FIVE CHILDREN AND RUNS A BUSY GUEST HOUSE IN THE VILLAGE OF ZHANG ZONG USES SOLAR PANELS TO SUPPLY ENERGY FOR HER BUSINESS. china: future investments in the heat sector In the heat sector, the Energy [R]evolution scenario would require also a major revision of current investment strategies. Especially solar, geothermal and heat pump technologies need an enormous increase in installations, if these potentials are to be tapped for the heat sector. Installed capacity for direct heating (excluding district heating and CHP) need to be increased up to around 2,300 GW for solar thermal and up to 1,400 GW for geothermal and heat pumps. Capacity of biomass use for heat supply needs to remain a pillar of heat supply, however current plants need to be replaced by new efficient technologies. Renewable heating technologies are extremely variable, from low tech biomass stoves and unglazed solar collectors to very sophisticated enhanced geothermal systems and solar thermal district heating plants with seasonal storage.Thus it can only roughly be calculated, that the Energy [R]evolution scenario in total requires around $ 4,950 billion to be invested in renewable direct heating technologies until 2050 (including investments for replacement after the economic lifetime of the plants) - approximately $ 124 billion per year. table 5.57: china: renewable heat generation capacities under the reference scenario and the energy [r]evolution scenario IN GW Biomass REF E[R] Geothermal REF E[R] Solar thermal REF E[R] Heat pumps REF E[R] Total REF E[R] 2009 2020 2030 2040 2050 5 2,926 2,476 1,887 1,451 1,295 2,926 2,881 2,499 2,258 1,729 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 78 348 775 102 171 214 256 285 102 363 710 2,064 2,296 19 32 41 49 54 19 110 232 410 622 3,047 2,679 2,142 1,755 1,634 3,047 3,366 3,519 5,079 5,422 figure 5.130: china: investments for renewable heat generation technologies under the reference scenario and the energy [r]evolution scenario REF 2011 - 2050 Total $ 206 billion 12% BIOMASS 25% SOLAR 0% GEOTHERMAL 63% HEAT PUMPS E[R] 2011 - 2050 Total $ 4,950 billion 31% SOLAR 33% GEOTHERMAL 29% HEAT PUMPS 7% BIOMASS 173 © GP/XUAN CANXIONG © GP/JOHN NOVIS key results | CHINA - INVESTMENTPDF Image | SUSTAINABLE WORLD ENERGY OUTLOOK
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