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image A WOMAN WASHES UP DISHES USING HOT WATER PROVIDED BY A SOLAR THERMAL WATER HEATER ON THE ROOF OF HER APARTMENT BLOCK. THE CITY OF DEZHOU IS LEADING THE WAY IN ADOPTING SOLAR ENERGY AND HAS BECOME KNOWN AS THE SOLAR VALLEY OF CHINA. image ZHAO PICHENGS HOME IN SHUIMOTOU VILLAGE HAS BEEN RUINED BY THE SHENTOU NUMBER 2 POWER PLANT IN SHUOZHOU, SHANXI PROVINCE. CONTINUED LEAKAGE FROM THE PLANTS COAL ASH POND HAS RAISED GROUNDWATER LEVELS, FLOODING CELLARS IN THE VILLAGE. EXCESS WATER HAS ALSO DAMAGED HOUSING FOUNDATIONS, CAUSING THE BUILDINGS TO DEVELOP CRACKS OR EVEN COLLAPSE. AFTER A LARGE PART OF HIS ROOF FELL OFF, ZHAO PICHENG AND HIS FAMILY HAD NO CHOICE BUT TO MOVE. china: transport In 2050, the car fleet in China will be 10 times larger than today. Today, more medium to large-sized cars are driven in China with an unusually high annual mileage. With growing individual mobility, an increasing share of small efficient cars is projected, with vehicle kilometres driven resembling industrialised countries averages. More efficient propulsion technologies, including hybrid- electric power trains, and lightweight construction, will help to limit the growth in total transport energy demand to a factor of 2, reaching 12,600 PJ/a in 2050. As China already has a large fleet of electric vehicles, this will grow to the point where almost 55% of total transport energy is covered by electricity. By 2030 electricity will provide 13% of the transport sector’s total energy demand under the Energy [R]evolution scenario. Under both scenarios road transport volumes increases significantly. However, under the Energy [R]evolution scenario, the toal energy demand for road transport increases from 5,224 PJ/a in 2009 to 7,794 PJ/a in 2050, compared to about 22,400 PJ/a in the Reference case. table 5.59: china: transport energy demand by mode under the reference scenario and the energy [r]evolution scenario (WITHOUT ENERGY FOR PIPELINE TRANSPORT) IN PJ/A 2040 2050 5 936 1,056 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 PJ/a 0 • ‘EFFICIENCY’ • HYDROGEN • ELECTRICITY • BIOFUELS •NATURAL GAS OIL PRODUCTS Road REF E[R] 5,224 9,607 10,908 8,768 2009 2020 2030 541 681 804 Rail REF E[R] 541 752 932 1,062 1,118 19,883 22,378 5,224 11,550 16,750 488 1,022 1,548 2,310 488 862 1,268 1,846 558 779 985 1,167 7,794 3,709 2,560 Total REF E[R] 6,811 11,996 14,058 12,760 12,609 Domestic REF aviation E[R] Domestic REF navigation E[R] 1,370 1,137 558 775 949 1,085 6,811 14,032 20,087 24,296 28,512 figure 5.132: china: final energy consumption for transport under the reference scenario and the energy [r]evolution scenario REF 2009 E[R] REF E[R] 2015 REF E[R] 2020 REF E[R] 2030 REF E[R] 2040 REF E[R] 2050 175 © GP/ALEX HOFFORD © ZHAO GANG/GP key results | CHINA - TRANSPORTPDF Image | SUSTAINABLE WORLD ENERGY OUTLOOK
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