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7. South African Inventiveness DemandTechnologies World Patents 20 Years World Patents 5 Years SA Patents 20 Years SA Patents 5 Years Waste Heat: Liquid Heaters and Vaporizer/Industrial/Waste Heat Waste Heat: Power Plants/Fluid motor means driven by waste heat or exhaust energy Heat Exchange Heat Pumps Stirling Engine Supply Technologies Coal Liquefaction: Mineral oils: Process and Products/by treatment of solid material Coal Liquefaction: Fischer-Tropsch Process Coal Gasification: Gas; Heating and Illuminating 7 South African Inventiveness Table 6 shows the number of energy related patents for both demand and supply technologies, granted worldwide and to South African inventors in particular, during a the period 1988 - 2008 and the 5-year period 2004 - 2008. The codes and key words used in order to identify the set of relevant patents appear in Appendix 1.The classifications developed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD, 2009), the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO, 2009) and National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER) (Popp, 2005), constitute the basis for the classification utilised in this report. Table 6: South African energy related patents: 1988 - 2008 The technologies in which South Africa has had a presence over the last 20-year period include: Coal Liquefaction - Fischer-Tropsch process; Nuclear - radiation acceleration/ detection techniques; and carbon capture and storage. The Fischer-Tropsch process was still an active technology during the most recent five years, while the remaining two technologies became inactive. South Africa has been granted 5.8% of the patents in the Fischer-Tropsch process while the country in its totality received just above 0.001% of the USPTO patents. 224 38 1 645 590 1 0 0 0 7 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 16 043 660 517 349 894 248 5579 12 233 810 1 161 2232 4 569 1 588 507 4 597 175 120 31 Nuclear: reactor techniques Nuclear: radiation acceleration/detection techniques Biomass Wind Power Solar Power: Materials, Cells and Modules Solar Power: Systems Solar Thermal: Collectors Solar Thermal: Heating 328 31 19 40 2 0 716 7 5 3 471 17 0 73 2 0 556 0 0 377 0 0 1 859 6 0 272 2 0 122 0 0 20PDF Image | The Green Machine 4000
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