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just before the hole was deepened shows a high and generally linear gradient of 31 °F/100 ft to a depth of 250 ft and a bottom hole temperature of 110°F. However, after the well was deepened to 820 ft, the 110°F temperature at that depth has not been repeated. This area would be impossible to define if there was only one deep well. Therefore the staged drilling has helped to decipher the distribution of pressure and permeability in this area. During the second stage of drilling, deeper fracture zones were encountered at lower pressures. As shown on the Dec. 2005 injection logs, the water in the well bore flows down the well from an entry point at about 110 ft and exits at depths between 270 and 770 ft. The temperature profiles of Well 2 show a classic pattern of flow in a fractured rock. The two major fracture “thief” zones are at 270 ft and 770 ft, although there may be smaller fracture zones at other depths. Multiple fractures in the well are clearly seen in the temperature logs. Figure 3. T-D curves for Well 2, in the eastern side. Green curves show injection log. Purple curve show the data for the first-stage of drilling As a result of the downflow of water, the bottom hole temperature of the formation has not been established. However, a 10 °F rise between January and June 2006 (orange curves) logs illustrate that the bottom thief zone has sealing itself off and the downflow is diminishing. There is clearly a decrease in the thermal gradient in the depth range of about 250 to 300 ft, but the gradient below this zone continues to appear positive with a gradient of at least 5.7°F/100 ft. The actual bottom hole temperature is undeterminable with the present data but is almost surely in excess of 140°F. The heating behavior of the well and the possible maximum temperature offers insight to the overall resource size. Both this well and the well complex near by TG-7 have bottom hole temperatures of over 140 °F at depths of about 800 ft. These temperatures are comparable to the temperatures seen in the hot spring area. Therefore there is a significant possibility that the higher temperature resource may occur at greater depths in this area. This would increase the size of the resource at depth if the area were not confined to the east of the central anomaly. TG-4 and TG-7 are on the eastern edge of the main shallow anomaly. The area is complicated in terms of the temperature-depth curves (Figure 4). The 702 ft deep TG-7 has maximum temperature of 156 °F which indicates that the temperatures of the main shallow anomaly dissipate toward the east of the hot spring area. As in the nearby Well 4, these wells also show shallow temperature overturns but they are larger and shallower compared to Well 4. In TG-7 there are two overturns, one at the 50-150 ft depth interval and another between 280 ft and 450 ft. A similar zone from about 60 to 200 ft is seen in nearby TG-4. This pattern is a further indication of lateral flow of water toward the east in this area. Figure 4. T-D curves forTG-4 and TG-7 in the eastern side. Green curves show injection logs. Yellow curve show the data for flowing log. TG-4 is the first stage of TG-7 The isothermal section on the flow zone in TG-7 below a depth of 250 ft is problematic as it could be an intra-bore flow region rather than a continuous permeable region. There are seems to be suggested by the fact that the well accepted injection at 250 ft and below 450 ft in the test of Dec. 11, 2005. Also the well produced from about 450 ft when it was flowed on Dec. 16, 2005. Because of penetrating high permeability zones with relatively low deep pressures, TG-7 is currently being used as an injection well for the power plant.PDF Image | THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CHENA HOT SPRINGS
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