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List of Figures FIGURE 1-1 TYPICAL TEMPERATURE RANGE OF DIFFERENT HEAT SOURCES FOR HEAT RECOVERY......................................................................................1 FIGURE 1-2 ILLUSTRATION OF CYCLE REVERSIBILITY ......................................3 FIGURE 1-3 SCHEMATIC REPRESENTATION CHART OF THE HEAT TRANSFER BETWEEN THE LOW-GRADE HEAT SOURCE AND WORKING FLUID IN THE MAIN HEAT EXCHANGER: (1A) PURE FLUID; (1B) ZEOTROPIC FLUID MIXTURES; (1C) CARBON DIOXIDE ...........................................................4 FIGURE 2-1 SCHEMATIC OF THE CARBON DIOXIDE POWER SYSTEM (FOR BOTH BRAYTON CYCLE AND TRANSCRITICAL CYCLE).....................................13 FIGURE 2-2 CARBON DIOXIDE TRANSCRITICAL CYCLE T-S CHART.................14 FIGURE 2-3 CARBON DIOXIDE BRAYTON CYCLE T-S CHART ..........................14 FIGURE 2-4 CARBON DIOXIDE COOLING AND POWER COMBINED SYSTEM SCHEMATIC LAYOUT..............................................................................15 FIGURE 2-5 CARBON DIOXIDE COOLING AND POWER COMBINED CYCLE T-S CHART ...................................................................................................16 FIGURE 3-1 CARBON DIOXIDE TRANSCRITICAL CYCLE EFFICIENCY VS. EXPANSION INLET TEMPERATURE AGAINST VARIOUS EXPANSION EFFICIENCIES (FROM EES, BASIC CYCLE WITHOUT IHX) ....................... 23 FIGURE 3-2 CARBON DIOXIDE TRANSCRITICAL CYCLE EFFICIENCY VS. EXPANSION INLET TEMPERATURE AGAINST VARIOUS PUMP EFFICIENCIES (FROM EES, BASIC CYCLE WITHOUT IHX).............................................24 FIGURE 3-3 OPTIMUM GAS HEATER PRESSURE OF A CARBON DIOXIDE TRANSCRITICAL CYCLE (FROM EES, WITHOUT IHX AND WITH A 90% EFFECTIVENESS IHX) ............................................................................25 FIGURE 3-4 THE IHX EFFECTIVENESS’ INFLUENCE ON CARBON DIOXIDE TRANSCRITICAL CYCLE EFFICIENCY (FROM EES) ..................................25 FIGURE 3-5 CARBON DIOXIDE BRAYTON CYCLE EFFICIENCY VS. EXPANSION INLET TEMPERATURE AGAINST VARIOUS EXPANSION EFFICIENCIES (FROM EES, BASIC CYCLE WITHOUT IHX)........................................................27 FIGURE 3-6 CARBON DIOXIDE BRAYTON CYCLE EFFICIENCY VS. EXPANSION INLET TEMPERATURE AGAINST VARIOUS PUMP EFFICIENCIES (FROM EES, BASIC CYCLE WITHOUT IHX).................................................................27 FIGURE 3-7 OPTIMUM GAS HEATER PRESSURE OF A CARBON DIOXIDE BRAYTON CYCLE (FROM EES, WITHOUT IHX AND WITH A 90% EFFECTIVENESS IHX) ............................................................................28 FIGURE 3-8 OPTIMUM GAS COOLER PRESSURE OF A CARBON DIOXIDE BRAYTON CYCLE (FROM EES, WITHOUT IHX AND WITH A 90% EFFECTIVENESS IHX) ............................................................................29 FIGURE 3-9 THE INFLUENCE OF IHX EFFECTIVENESS ON CARBON DIOXIDE TRANSCRITICAL CYCLE EFFICIENCY (FROM EES) ..................................29 xixPDF Image | Thermodynamic Cycles using Carbon Dioxide
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