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FIGURE 4-3 SPECIFIC HEAT OF EXHAUST GAS AND EXPANSION OUTLET CARBON DIOXIDE (NOTE THE SCALE DIFFERENCE FROM FIGURE 4-1) ..................53 FIGURE 4-4 SCHEMATIC LAYOUT OF A BASIC CARBON DIOXIDE CO2 POWER SYSTEM .................................................................................................54 FIGURE 4-5 CP-∆H CHART FOR SUPERCRITICAL CO2, EXPANSION OUTLET CARBON DIOXIDE AND HEAT SOURCE FOR THE INTEGRATED TOTAL HEAT EXCHANGER LENGTH ............................................................................. 55 FIGURE 4-6 INTEGRATED HEAT EXCHANGER’S T--∆H CHART OF CARBON DIOXIDE TRANSCRITICAL POWER CYCLE WITH DIFFERENT MASS FLOW RATES OF SUPERCRITICAL CO2 (A): MCO2=0.1 KG/S, M EXHAUST GAS=0.4 KG/S, IHX EFFECTIVENESS=0.9, MHX EFFECTIVENESS =0.9 (B): MCO2=0.2 KG/S, M EXHAUST GAS=0.4 KG/S, IHX EFFECTIVENESS=0.9, MHX EFFECTIVENESS =0.9 .............................................................................57 FIGURE 4-7 INTEGRATED HEAT EXCHANGER T-∆H CHART OF R123 ORC. MR123=0.15 KG/S, M EXHAUST GAS=0.4 KG/S, IHX EFFECTIVENESS =0.9, MHX EFFECTIVENESS =0.9 (THE PROCESS IN THE FIGURE DOES NOT INCLUDE THE SUPERHEATING OF VAPOR) .............................................................58 FIGURE 4-8 SCHEMATIC ILLUSTRATION OF A TYPICAL CYCLE— CARNOT CYCLE....................................................................................................59 FIGURE 4-9 CYCLE EFFICIENCY WITH VARYING HEAT SOURCE TEMPERATURES AND A CONSTANT HEAT SINK TEMPERATURE (293 K) FOR DIFFERENT TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES IN THE TWO HEAT EXCHANGERS (GAS HEATER AND CONDENSER).....................................................................60 FIGURE 5-1 SCHEMATIC LAYOUT OF THE BASIC CARBON DIOXIDE POWER SYSTEM .................................................................................................63 FIGURE 5-2 EXERGY DESTRUCTION VS. CO2 MASS FLOW RATE ......................67 FIGURE 5-3 ENTROPY GENERATION VS. CO2 MASS FLOW RATE......................67 FIGURE 5-4 DISTRIBUTION OF ENTROPY GENERATION VS. CO2 MASS FLOW RA TE ...................................................................................................... 68 FIGURE 5-5 EXERGY DESTRUCTION VS. SYSTEM HIGH PRESSURE SIDE PRESSURE .............................................................................................................. 69 FIGURE 5-6 ENTROPY GENERATION VS. SYSTEM HIGH PRESSURE SIDE PRESSURE ..............................................................................................69 FIGURE 5-7 DISTRIBUTION OF ENTROPY GENERATION VS. SYSTEM HIGH PRESSURE SIDE PRESSURE ...................................................................... 70 FIGURE 5-8 EXERGY DESTRUCTION VS. HEAT SOURCE TEMPERATURE AT THE GAS HEATER INLET ................................................................................71 FIGURE 5-9 ENTROPY GENERATION VS. HEAT SOURCE TEMPERATURE AT THE GAS HEATER INLET ................................................................................71 FIGURE 5-10 DISTRIBUTION OF ENTROPY GENERATION VS. HEAT SOURCE TEMPERATURE AT THE GAS HEATER INLET.............................................72 FIGURE 5-11 CO2 POWER CYCLE EXERGY EFFICIENCY AND THE HEAT EXCHANGERS’ MIN TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES VS. CO2 MASS FLOW RA TE ...................................................................................................... 73 FIGURE 5-12 CO2 POWER CYCLE EXERGY EFFICIENCY AND THE HEAT EXCHANGERS’ MIN TEMPERATURE DIFFERENCES VS. SYSTEM HIGH PRESSURE SIDE PRESSURE ...................................................................... 73 xxiPDF Image | Thermodynamic Cycles using Carbon Dioxide
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