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4.2 Comparison between a Typical CO2 Power and a Typical ORC Cycle The benefit of Cp variation in supercritical CO2 for the carbon dioxide transcritical power cycle in low‐grade heat source recovery (i.e. better temperature matching) can be showed more obviously, if a comparison is made with other working fluids. A T‐∆h chart of the integrated total heat exchanger length for an ORC (without superheating) using R123 as a working fluid is plotted for the same heat source condition as that used for the CO2 power cycle analysis (Figure 4‐7). For the R123 ORC, part of the working fluid heating process takes place in the subcritical region as boiling (i.e. constant temperature) and does not have Cp variation during the heating process as supercritical CO2 does. It can be seen from the figure that R123 will have more temperature lift in the IHX than supercritical CO2, due to its relatively linear Cp change. Furthermore, due to its boiling process, pinching will also appear in the MHX, which leads to the consequence that only a very limited amount of energy in the heat source can be utilized. Figure 4‐7 Integrated heat exchanger T‐∆h chart of R123 ORC. mR123=0.15 kg/s, m exhaust gas=0.4 kg/s, IHX effectiveness =0.9, MHX effectiveness =0.9 (the process in the figure does not include the superheating of vapor) 58PDF Image | Thermodynamic Cycles using Carbon Dioxide
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