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Thermodynamic Cycles using Carbon Dioxide

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Thermodynamic Cycles using Carbon Dioxide ( thermodynamic-cycles-using-carbon-dioxide )

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  Woutput  1  Tda Equation 4‐1 Qinput Tbc but since Tbc = Tsource ‐ T and Tda = Tsink + T we get: 1 Tsink T Equation4‐2 The calculated cycle efficiency is illustrated in Figure 4‐9, from which one can see that the cycle with the smaller temperature differences, T, in the heat exchangers will achieve a higher efficiency. Furthermore, the temperature difference plays a more important role at low heat source temperatures than at high heat source temperatures. For example, at a heat source temperature of 360 K, the cycle with T = 10 K in both heat exchangers achieves almost two times higher efficiency than the cycle with T = 20 K. By contrast, at 440 K heat source temperature, the cycle with T = 10 K in both heat exchangers only achieves an efficiency of 1.2 times that of the cycle with T = 20 K. Therefore, the better heat source matching characteristics of CO2 make this cycle more interesting for the utilization of energy in low‐grade heat sources. Figure 4‐9 Cycle efficiency with varying heat source temperatures and a constant heat sink temperature (293 K) for different temperature differences in the two heat exchangers (gas heater and condenser) 60 Tsource  T

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