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The discussions above show that the temperature profile matching between the working fluid temperature profile and the heat source temperature profile is crucial for the cycle to achieve a good performance when utilizing the low‐grade heat source and waste heat. 4.4 Summary In this chapter, the Cp variation of supercritical CO2 and its influence on the temperature profiles in CO2 power system heat exchangers have been analyzed. The simulation results show that the Cp of supercritical CO2 will have dramatic variations in the region close to its critical point. The differences in the trends of Cp variations of supercritical CO2, expansion outlet CO2 and the heat source will influence the temperature profiles in the system heat exchangers. This influence will create a concave‐shaped temperature profile in the system heat exchanger, which enables CO2 transcritical power cycle to achieve a better temperature profile matching than conventional power cycles used in low‐grade heat source recovery with other working fluids (e.g. R123 in ORC). Due to the shape of its temperature profile, the CO2 gas heater can achieve its minimum temperature difference at the end of the heat exchanger to avoid pinching. At the same time, the “driving force” for heat transfer to take place (i.e. the temperature difference) can still be maintained inside the heat exchanger. For the CO2 system with internal heat exchangers, the temperature profile also enables supercritical CO2 to recover energy in the expansion outlet CO2 substantially without an obvious temperature increase, before it enters the gas heater to further recover the energy in low‐grade heat source effectively. 61PDF Image | Thermodynamic Cycles using Carbon Dioxide
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