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Rankine Cycle with R123 as a working fluid. The simulation results show that the Cp variation of supercritical CO2 will provide it with more advantages to be used as a working fluid in utilizing the energy in low‐grade heat sources than conventional working fluids. This is mainly due to the concave‐ shaped temperature profile created in its system heat exchangers, which enables CO2 transcritical power cycle to achieve a better temperature profile matching than power cycles with other commonly used working fluids (e.g. R123 in ORC) in low‐grade heat source recovery. Consequently, pinching, which will normally be encountered in the heat exchangers of conventional power systems in low‐grade heat source recovery, can be avoided. Furthermore, the Cp variation of supercritical CO2 also enables it to recover the energy in both expansion outlet CO2 and the low grade heat source efficiently. Second law thermodynamic analyses have also been conducted for the carbon dioxide transcritical power system in the study. The influences of different system working parameters on the system irreversibilities and the system exergy efficiencies have been studied. The simulation results with an increasing CO2 mass flow rate show that the exergy destruction and the entropy generation are almost constant in the pump and the expander. At the same time, they increase in the gas heater, but decrease in the gas cooler & condenser, due to the change of temperature profile matching in the system heat exchangers. Meanwhile, the distribution of entropy generation increases in the gas heater, while decreasing in the gas cooler & condenser and remaining almost constant in the pump and the expander. Furthermore, if one keeps other system working parameters constant, but increases the system high pressure side pressure, the exergy destruction and entropy generation will increase in the pump and expander, but decrease in the system heat exchangers, due to their better temperature profile matching at higher system high pressure side pressures. For the distribution of entropy generation, it decreases in the gas heater, while increasing in other system components. Moreover, the 79PDF Image | Thermodynamic Cycles using Carbon Dioxide
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