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Kavitha T et al Euro. J. Appl. Eng. Sci. Res., 2012, 1 (4):235-240 ______________________________________________________________________________ RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 0 Figure 3.1: XRD Patterns of Titania particles calcinated at 400 c 3.1 Calcination temperature Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) as shown in figure 3.1and it was used for identification of crystalline phases and estimation of the crystallite size. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns were performed on a Seimens/ D5000 X-ray diffractometer. From the line broadening of corresponding X-ray diffraction peaks and using the Scherrer formula the crystallite size, L has been estimated. L =Kλ /(β cos θ) where λ is the wavelength of the X-ray radiation (Cu Kα = 0.15406 nm), K is a constant taken as 0.89, β is the line width at half maximum height, and θ is the diffracting angle. The surface morphology of the calcinated powders at 400oC was observed on scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 3.2 SEM Morphology The morphology of calcinated titania powders at 400oC observed by SEM is shown in Fig. 3.2. The size of titania particles was about 6 nm and non hard-grained aggregates that are constituted of sharp faceted nanoscaled crystals were formed [28-30]. Scholars Research Library 238PDF Image | TiO2 nano powder and water based nanofluids
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