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Unconventional Energy Resources

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Unconventional Energy Resources ( unconventional-energy-resources )

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Unconventional Energy Resources: 2013 Review Figure 25. Employment in the U.S. uranium production industry in person-years, 1993–2012 (U.S. Energy Information Administration 2013c). less than 5% of gross proceeds were recommended to generate Treasury fees of $80 million over 10 years (U.S. Energy Information Administration 2013c). Uranium Reserves The U.S. EIA in 2010 began collecting annual reserve estimates on the survey Form EIA-851A, ‘‘Domestic Uranium Production Report.’’ To date, these annual reserve estimates span data years 2009 through 2012. There are no plans to publish data prior to 2012 due to reporting inconsistencies and data accuracy concerns. The U.S. EIA indicated that the 2012 U reserves are estimated quantities of U in known mineral deposits of such size, grade, and con- figuration that the U could be recovered at or below a specified production cost (forward cost) with cur- rently proven mining and processing technology and under current laws and regulations (U.S. Energy Information Administration 2013c). This information is collected from the entities that otherwise report on the Form EIA-851A; i.e., companies that conduct U drilling, exploration, mining, and reclamation. Beginning with this report, and for the data year 2012, a new table includes U reserve estimates for mines and properties by status, mining method, and State (U.S. Energy Information Administration 2013c). Sixteen respondents reported reserve esti- mates on 71 mines and properties. Estimated U re- serves were 52 million pounds (23.6 million kg) U3O8 at a maximum forward cost of up to $30 per pound. At up to $100 per pound, estimated reserves were 304 million pounds (137.9 million kg) U3O8. At the end of 2012, estimated U reserves for mines in production were 21 million pounds (9.5 mil- lion kg) U3O8 at a maximum forward cost of up to $50 per pound (U.S. Energy Information Adminis- tration 2013c). The U reserve estimates (U.S. Energy Informa- tion Administration 2013a) presented cannot be eas- ily compared with the much larger historical dataset of U reserves published in the EIAÕs July 2010 report U.S. Uranium Reserves Estimates. Those reserve estimates were made by EIA based on data it has collected and data developed by the National Ura- nium Resource Evaluation (NURE) program, oper- ated out of Grand Junction, Colorado, by the U.S. DOE and predecessor organizations. The EIA data covered approximately 200 U properties with reserve estimates, collected from 1984 through 2002. The NURE data covered approximately 800 U properties with reserve estimates, developed from 1974 through 1983. Although the 2012 data collected by the Form EIA-851A survey cover a much smaller set of prop- erties than the earlier EIA data and NURE data, EIA believes that within their scope the EIA-851A data provide more reliable estimates of the U recoverable at the specified forward cost than estimates derived from 1974 through 2003. In particular, this is because the NURE data have not been comprehensively up- dated in many years and are no longer a current information source. However, because much of the data gathered are proprietary and cannot be released by EIA, this makes these new reports of limited value. In any event, potential U resources are likely to increase substantially over this decade as discoveries are made in frontier areas of the U.S. (Campbell and Biddle 1977) and in trend areas (Dickinson and

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