Unconventional Energy Resources

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Unconventional Energy Resources ( unconventional-energy-resources )

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Unconventional Energy Resources: 2013 Review and Y in the U.S. and from around the world with geographical locations, grade, tonnage, and miner- alogy, where available (U.S. Geological Survey 2013). Many publications on the various aspects of REEs, U exploration and mining, Th development, and nuclear power development are included as URLs or PDFs in the interactive I2M Web Portal. At present, the database contains almost 3,000 URLs of technical papers and news items related to the subjects covered in this review and many other subjects of interest to the geoscientist and general public (I2M Associates, LLC 2013). EMD Uranium Committee Publications Released The AAPG-EMD Memoir 101: The History and Path Forward of the Human Species into the Future: Energy Minerals in the Solar System has just been released in book form (Ambrose et al. 2013). The EMDÕs Uranium (Nuclear and REE Minerals) Committee and members of I2M Associates, LLC, contributed the final Chapter 9, entitled: Nuclear Power and Associated Environmental Issues in the Transition of Exploration and Mining on Earth to the Development of Off-World Natural Resources in the 21st Century. Since the 2012 updates to Chapter 9 were omitted during final editing, these updates have been included in a PDF version of the chapter. Chapter 9 is included as a PDF in the References list below, followed by author biographies, the Memoir 101Õs Press Release, Table of Contents, ordering information, book preface, and a copy of the front book cover (Campbell et al. 2013) below. For- bes.com has highlighted Memoir 101 in a recent article emphasizing the coverage of Chapters 8 and 9 (Conca 2013a). The 2013 Mid-Year Report of the EMD Com- mittee on Uranium (Nuclear and RRE Minerals) was released on November 15, 2013, well after this article went to press. We include a reference to the report as an update to this article (Campbell 2013c) because of the rapidly changing conditions within the nuclear industry both in the increased pace of uranium exploration in the U.S. and overseas based on the anticipation of rising yellowcake prices in 2014, the advances in thorium research, and in the changing conditions within the rare earth industry in new exploration, mining development and produc- tion facilities that are moving forward in direct competition with China. THE SHALE JUGGERNAUT—GAINS AND CASUALTIES Jeremy B. Platt15 Leading energy supply and demand develop- ments are summarized in this overview, with an emphasis on natural gas. The time envelope is principally 2012 to mid-2013, with some historical information included along with comments and projections to 2020. The upside, or gains, from now- abundant natural gas include the flow of benefits from lower cost gas to industry (e.g., petrochemical, steel, and fertilizer) and consumers of natural gas and electricity. The downside, or casualties, include producers and processors affected by continued low prices and the sudden collapse of natural gas liquid (NGL) prices, particularly ethane and propane, and coal producers who have lost market share to nat- ural gas-fired generation, not to mention their exposure to softening global thermal and metallur- gical markets and the beginnings of a wave of U.S. coal plant retirements. The selection of topics is far from exhaustive. In- sights from analysts in industry and energy consultants, offered expressly to support the AAPGÕs Energy Economics and Technology Committee, are included with appreciation. Contributors are identified at the appropriate places. Additional information is derived from the U.S. EIA, the trade press, energy producers, and other public sources. This review is brief, con- trasting with more lengthy material developed for the Committee a year earlier and available online to members of AAPGÕs EMD at http://emd.aapg.org/ members_only/annual2011/index.cfm. The sequence addresses supply, resources, and market impacts. It shifts to demand, and closes with limited remarks about the coal industry. Appreciating the Scale of the Shale Gas Phenomenon Shale gas now accounts for about 40% of U.S. gas supply—more particularly the Lower 48 StatesÕ (L48) wellhead supply. The speed and scale of shale gas growth is remarkable and all the more aston- ishing in light of depressed natural gas prices and sharp curtailments of drilling. An easy way to keep 15Consultant on energy research management and analysis, 2265 Bowdoin Street, Palo Alto, CA 94306, USA; Chair, EMD Energy Economics and Technology Committee.

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