PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 072
supplier on supplier competition and the introduc- tion or expansion of alternative transportation cor- ridors—Capesize Gulf-based shipment through the enlarged Panama Canal is an example. The Guar Gum Story: Nothing Cures High Prices Like High Prices For economic historians, mineral economists, and managers of some of the largest oil/gas well service companies and others, the recent, dramatic boom/bust of guar gum prices is a case study of the linkage of engineering to volatile agricultural mar- kets. Also, it is a reminder that derivative instru- ments so widely used to manage risk in energy markets owe their origin to risk management in agriculture.21 2012 is the year in which this saga came to a head. The line between gain and casualty depends on a combination of outright luck, risk management practices, and point of view. Guar gum is a thickener used in hydraulic fracturing fluids. Its primary source is India, source 21Early trading occurred in rice (Japan). The Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) was established in 1848 and introduced ‘‘forward’’ contracts in 1851. The first non-agricultural product, silver futures, did not trade on the CBOT until 1969 (CME Group timeline, http://www.cmegroup.com/company/history/timeline-of-achieve ments.html). of 70–80% of the worldÕs supply and perhaps 96% of world trade. The hydraulic fracturing boom led to escalating demand, rising prices, and then intense speculation in guar seed and gum trading in India. Exports are only permitted for the gum, not the seeds. Prices did not reach $1.00 per pound until early 2011 (Fig. 38). Facing escalating oil industry demands and poor weather, prices peaked on March 27, 2012 at 95,920 rupees per 100 kg or $8.62/pound at then current exchange rates. This triggered IndiaÕs Forward Markets Commission to suspend trading for over a year, to May 14, 2013. During the short- ages and with up to 20,000 pounds required per well, guar gel alone was reported to comprise as much as 30% of a hydraulic fracturing job. Plantings in- creased enormously. Guar seed crops have become American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Energy Minerals Division Figure 37. (A) Expected global coal demand. (B) China and India coal imports. Source: Boyce, (2013, Peabody global analytics (A, B) and India market watch (B). *U.S. 2012 consumption added for reference to (A) by Jeremy B. Platt, based on U.S. Energy Information Administration Monthly Energy Review (http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/ data/monthly/index.cfm). Figure 38. Guar gum price boom 2010–2012. Source: NCDEX data in Pensa (2012).PDF Image | Unconventional Energy Resources
PDF Search Title:
Unconventional Energy ResourcesOriginal File Name Searched:
EMD_AAPG_2013_NRR_online.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |