Waste Heat Recovery for Commercial Vehicles with a Rankine Process

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Waste Heat Recovery for Commercial Vehicles with a Rankine Process ( waste-heat-recovery-commercial-vehicles-with-rankine-process )

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21st Aachen Colloquium Automobile and Engine Technology 2012 7 Fig. 6: Waste heat recovery system in a test rack with engine 4.6 Experimental Results With the setup described above first measurements with the first prototype were performed using water as a working fluid. Mechanical output power up to 14 kW was realized. This amounts to about 4.3% of the engine power at the chosen operating point. The maximum expander inlet pressure is 32 bar, the maximum inlet temperature 380°C. The thermal power calculated from a measured p-V-diagram and the mechanical power output measured show a mechanical efficiency better than 85% at 1500 rpm. This is in accordance with the simulation shown in Fig. 5. The expansion machine for these first tests was not insulated and not heated by steam. With these measures the efficiency and hence the power output can be improved significantly. 5 Simulation and Experimental Results with a Turbine 5.1 Layout of the Turbine The turbine prototype, Fig. 7, is realized as a double-stage constant-pressure turbine. It is designed for a Rankine process operated with water as a working fluid. The turbine is optimized for a stationary operating point B75 at a speed of 150,000 rpm. The first prototype has a modular design allowing experiments with different nozzle and blade geometries. A turbocharger compressor serves the turbine as a load. The effective output is determined by the measurement of the temperature, the pressure and the air mass flow before and after the compressor. For a series application with a mechanical use of energy, a transmission replaces the compressor. In case of an electrical use of energy, the compressor will be replaced by an alternator.

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