400kW Geothermal Power Plant at Chena Hot Springs

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400kW Geothermal Power Plant at Chena Hot Springs ( 400kw-geothermal-power-plant-at-chena-hot-springs )

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Chena Geothermal Power Plant Project Final Report Prepared for the Alaska Energy Authority January, 2007 4. POWER PLANT DESIGN The Chena geothermal power plant is designed based on the technology and hardware from the commercially available Air-Air PureCycle® power plant from UTC Power. The PureCycle® is designed to produce 200kW of electric power from waste hot gas sources between 500 and 1000°F. The design achieves unusually low cost through the innovative application of mass-produced Carrier chiller components. The most critical components include a single-stage centrifugal compressor which runs in reverse as a radial inflow turbine to produce 200kW of power, and heat exchangers originally designed for large chiller applications. Additionally, local and remote monitoring was applied for both operation and data collection. United Technologies Corporation (UTC), through their Research Center, partnered with Chena Hot Springs in early 2005 with the goal of adapting the PureCycle® product to a moderate temperature geothermal resource. The specific objective for UTC was to demonstrate the feasibility of producing electricity at a cost of less than 5¢/kWh from a 165°F geothermal resource with 98% availability. The geothermal application for the PureCycle® platform would involve some additional innovation and opportunities for cost reduction beyond that of the original PureCycle® 200 platform, includung: • Changing the working fluid used in the PureCycle® ORC plant from R245fa to R134a. This fluid is a better match for low temperature geothermal applications and enables a significant cost reduction, both directly because R134a is a low cost fluid widely used in HVAC equipment and indirectly by allowing lower cost commercially available components to be used in the power plant. • Developing low cost heat exchangers specific to geothermal applications based on designs and production capability in place for Carrier’s large commercial and marine water-cooled chillers. • Reducing the plant cost relative to the PureCycle® ORC plant by incorporating and qualifying more commercially available components made feasible by the lower operating temperature in geothermal applications. • Develop control algorithms and methods for operation with tube and shell heat exchangers rather than the fin-tube technology applied in the PureCycle® plant. The geothermal plant modules were designed and qualified at the United Technologies Research Center before installation at Chena Hot Springs. Cycle analysis shows that with the 164°F temperature geothermal liquid as the heat source and 40oF river water as heat sink, two geothermal power plants can be developed with HFC134a as the working fluid. The first power plant has been operating at the following conditions: 4.1 Water Design Points Heat source: Tin = 164 °F Tout = 130 °F Flow rate: 530 gpm Heat sink: Tin = 40 °F Tout = 50 °F Flow rate: 1614 gpm 12

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