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52 Ceramic industry Ceramic industry as not highly efficient technology has abundant of waste heat. ORC can generate electricity from these sources and the produced power can be used in exhaust fans and to circulate air. The most prone spot in the industry is the flue gasses of Kiln. The efficiency of installed ORC depends on exhaust gas temperature and varies between 8 to 11 %. Based on 7000 and 8000 operation hours internal rate of return will be about 0.18% and payback time will be about 3‐4 years. 53 Cement industry One of high endothermic processes called de‐carbonization in cement industry requires hot heat supplies. ORC can use waste heat of heat this reaction, combustion gas used for preheating of raw material or cooler air stream used to cool clinker. Normal cement industries use 3‐5 GJ of heat per ton of clinker. From waste heat of processes, nearly 1MW electricity per 1000 ton clinker can be produced. 2000 ‐8000 ton clinker can be normally produced per day from a cement plant and this indicates the great potential of ORC based power generation in this industry. Up to 20 % electricity consumption of this industry can be generated via ORC application using its own waste heat as heat source (Riccardo Vescovo, 2009). 28 In Figure 15 (Turboden, 2009) a cost and performance study is used to give an overview on effectiveness of ORC in waste heat recovery options for three cases of steel, cement and float glass industries. Some terms have been defined in section A‐2. As it is seen in the figure, for all three plants, internal rate of return is above 20% and payback time is less than 5 years. These and greatly positive net present value show that all option are economically interesting. In addition to that, it is calculated that for each industry, about 10’000 tons of C02 per year can be avoided and this environmental benefit is added to its economical profits. 28 Riccardo Vescovo, Available at: http://www.powergenworldwide.com/index/display/articledisplay/361545/articles/cogeneration‐and‐on‐site‐ power‐production/volume‐10/issue‐2/features/orc‐recovering‐industrial‐heat‐power‐generation‐from‐waste‐ energy‐streams.html , as accessed 29.04.2010. 34PDF Image | Exergy
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