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It is know that by increasing maximum working temperature, ORC efficiency will increase. This is while that solar collector efficiency will decrease by increasing the temperature. As a result, in solar based ORC with a collector system, a tradeoff between best collector and ORC efficiencies shall be found. In the generated computer model, ORC thermal efficiency has been calculated. In order to add solar collector efficiency (ettac), Equation 12 is used. Constants of this equation depend on collector type. As a case In point, for a compact parabolic through collector constants are: eff0: 0.75, a: 0.11232 and b: 0.00128.(Bruno, 2008). In equation 12, Tint is collector temperature (equal to Twater1 in figure 26), T0 is ambient temperature, and I which is solar global radiation ‐ assumed to be1000 (W/m2). Equation 10: . . . In table 14, values for other type of collectors are given as well. Flat plate collector Evacuated tube collector Compact parabolic trough collector eff a b Collector area 0.768 2.9 0.0108 2.307 0.665 0.75 0.11232 0.00128 1.088 2.00 Table 14: Solar Collector data Source: Bruno, 2008. 0.59 0.0019 More data for other collectors can be found in literature same as a study by Joan Carles Bruno, Jesu ́s Lo ́pez‐ Villada, Eduardo Letelier, Silvia Romera and Alberto Coronas , (2008). In Table 15, effect of intermediate fluid temperature at collector exit (Twater1 as shown in figure 26) on system performance is depicted. As known, more evaporator inlet temperatures will yield better ORC efficiencies. This is while that more collector temperature will decrease the collector efficiency due to increase of thermal losses. On the whole, overall system efficiency which is from multiplication of collector and ORC efficiencies can be optimized for best intermediate fluid temperature and collector temperature as in Figure 27. Twater 3 (See figure 26) is defined as intermediate fluid temperature at outlet of ORC evaporator (boiler); and here it is assumed to be about 90°C. This fluid with this or higher temperatures can be used in absorption chillers (Heat pump) or district heating system. The other option is to use intermediate fluid before entrance to ORC evaporator in a district heating system. 69PDF Image | Exergy
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