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A2 Definition of terms Here bellow terms have been used in some parts of this report for economical comparison between different options and technologies. NPV: Net present value In order to evaluate the project while considering long term value of money, term “net present value” is considered. It is sum of present values which accounts for incomes minus costs for each period. The more positive the net present value is more value the project would add to the investment. To calculate “NPV” the term in Equation 6 is used: Equation 12: R stands for net benefit amount in a certain time and “i” is the interest rate. “t” is the time which this term is calculated in. This can be zero before first year, 1 for first year, 2 for second year, etc. NPV can be gained by calculating this term and adding them up for life of project.58 IRR: Internal rate of return To evaluate profitability of a project” Internal rate of return” is used. This is the interest rate which makes the net present value to be zero. The more “IRR”, the project will return the investment from benefits faster. To calculate this, the term in Equation 6 is considered for each year, and then the terms are sum up and are equated to zero. “i” is the unknown here, and once it is calculated, this will give the “IRR”.59 PBT: Payback time Payback time is the duration which the investment returns from benefit of project. It is interested that payback time be as low as possible. It is the ratio between initial investment and annual revenue. 58 Investopedia; available at: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/n/npv.asp; as accessed: 27.07.2010. 59 Investopedia; available at http://www.investopedia.com/terms/i/irr.asp; as accessed: 27.07.2010. 90PDF Image | Exergy
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