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La Soufrière volcano – Guadeloupe region. Avenia competitive cluster Based in the Aquitaine region of France, Avenia's goal is to develop in- novative projects that bring together stakeholders from research and industry in the field of geosciences (industrial geothermal energy, under- ground storage of intermittent energy sources, responsible develop- ment of fossil energy sources and the geological storage of CO2). Avenia’s geothermal energy activities focus on the geothermal aspects of heating networks in particular. tions on a single site and cover the entire value chain, thus uniting public and private innovation capacities on projects of high potential. To stimulate the emergence of projects, in- vitations to tender are issued by the public authorities.These represented €1.5 billion of funding for the 2009-2011 period. In addition, the French local authorities provide support and the clusters benefit from a special tax regime. France has around ten clusters operating in the renewable energies field, including the Avenia cluster, dedicated to geos- ciences. Institutes and laboratories of excellence In addition to the aforementioned demonstrators, R&D and innovation in geothermal energy are also supported in the framework of the Investments for the future (Investissements d’avenir) scheme via other mechanisms, such as the Institutes and Laboratories of Excellence (Instituts et Laboratoires d’excellence). Geodenergies Institute of Excellence (Orléans) Institutes of Excellence for Carbon-Free Energies (Instituts d’excellence dans le do- maine des énergies décarbonées – IEED) are field specific institutes which, through a strategic public-private partnership, conduct research programmes associated with technological platforms, carry out experimental research and development activities focusing on market requirements, contribute to the engineering of initial and continuing training courses and ensure the socio-economic exploitation of the re- sults obtained. The Geodenergies IEED (Geotechnolo- gies for producing carbon-free energies) was awarded its official quality label in March 2012. It aims to produce technolo- gical “bricks” to facilitate the emergence of three industrial sectors associated with subsurface levels: CO2 storage, energy storage and geothermal energy (heat and electricity). Coordinated by the BRGM in Orléans, Geodenergies associates 22 companies and 11 public research bodies. “G-eau-thermie profonde” deep geothermal Laboratory of Excellence (Strasbourg) Through the Laboratory of Excellence (Laboratoire d’Excellence – LabEx) call for projects launched in 2011, laboratories with an international profile have the oppor tunity to receive significant resources that will allow them to compete on equal terms with their foreign counterparts, © BRGM attract researchers and teaching and research staff of international renown, and develop a high-level integrated research, training and exploitation policy. 171 Labo- ratories of Excellence have thus been selected for funding over a long enough period to allow them to deploy a large- scale scientific strategy. Situated in the Alsace region, the G-eau- thermie profonde laboratory received its official quality label in March 2012. It seeks to develop the use of deep geothermal energy by improving the knowledge of deep geothermal reservoirs and through the development of new technologies allowing for their exploitation. It combines the academic skills of the University of Strasbourg with the industrial skills of the Electricité de Strasbourg group. This medium-term programme (8 years) has received government funding of €3 million. Examples of R&D/innovation projects Development of an Organic Rankine Cycle machine designed for geothermal energy – Enertime Through its ORCHID© range, Enertime has developed expertise in the design, manu- facturing and implementation of industrial-sized Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) modules (500 kW to 5 MW range), using non-toxic, non-flammable fluids for temperatures of above 120 °C.The company is also developing new modules capable of exploiting geothermal resources starting at 80°C. Enertime manages the entire design process for its modules and can thus offer opti- mised solutions for projects for which the company is consulted. Enertime raised €1.5 M of capital at the start of 2011 from investment funds and obtained €1.8 M in aid from TOTAL to complete the development of the 1 MW ORCHID© module. Such a module is operating since septembre 2012 for an industrial heat recovery application in the Pays de Loire region of France. GEOSTOCAL project: inter-seasonal storage of excess heat in deep aquifers The ANR GEOSTOCAL project (2008 – 2011), coordinated by the BRGM, and funded by the French national agency for research (ANR), brought together several academic and industrial partners. It demonstrated, the theoretical technical and economic feasi- bility of the inter-seasonal storage of high-power heat in deep aquifers, connected to an urban heating network and exploiting the excess free heat produced during the summer season. The technical, economic and ecological aspects of different storage configurations have been studied, some of which – being par ticular innovative – offer a flexible combination of conventional, mining-type geothermal energy, and heat storage. Convinced by these results, CPCU – the industrial partner of the ANR project – is currently bringing an industrial demonstration project for one of these configurations. The scientific support for this project, if it should materialise, should provide new information about the Dogger deep aquifer that will be of direct benefit to current conventional geothermal operations and to future storage operations. French know-how in the field of geothermal energy 6/ 7PDF Image | GEOTHERMAL ENERGY District heating
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