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In 2010, the organization and operation of Annex X were defined, with the structure, objectives, programme of work and desired form of results defined. The first compilation and analyses of data and information, and annual trend report is planned to be published in 2011. Induced Seismicity (Annex XI) A seismic event, e.g., is an earthquake that is induced by manmade activities such as fluid injection, reservoir impoundment, mining, and other activities. In terms of EGS, an induced event would occur during the EGS operations of either fluid injection and/or withdrawal. Although induced seismicity had been a Task pursued in Annex I for the past several years, the growth in its global importance, especially for EGS development, led the GIA ExCo to shift the Task activity to new Annex XI- Induced Seismicity. Annex XI encourages international cooperation to determine the steps needed to be taken to make EGS/fluid injection a safe and economic technology that is accepted by the public and useful to the industry. This includes not only steps to allow acceptance of EGS technology by the public, regulators and policy makers, but also allows induced seismicity to become a useful tool to optimize EGS applications. In 2010, the objectives of the Annex were designed and are: to develop accepted approaches for addressing technical and public acceptance issues that industry can use as a guide, develop a methodology to assess risk, identify areas of collaboration/cooperation and identify key roadblocks and areas of technology development and research in order to reduce uncertainty associated with acceptability issues to facilitate and accelerate geothermal energy development. Plans for 2011 include sorting out the integration and coordination of Annex XI‘s induced seismicity efforts with those of the International Partnership on Geothermal Technology (IPGT) and defining and distributing the activities among the participants of the two organizations. National Activities The geothermal programmes of the GIA Country Members provide the basis for the cooperative IEA geothermal activities. These programmes focus on the exploration, development and utilization of geothermal resources. A comprehensive description of the current status of geothermal activities for each of the participating countries and the EC is provided in the 2010 GIA Annual Report (Chapters 8-21). In 2010, Contracting Parties from 13 countries and the European Commission (EC) participated in the IEA-GIA. The Member Countries were: Australia, France, Germany, Iceland, Italy, Japan, Mexico, New Zealand, Norway, the Republic of Korea, Spain, Switzerland and the United States. Contributions of GIA Members to Power Generation and Direct Use In 2010, the 9 GIA Member Countries with geothermal generation had an installed capacity of about 6,834 MWe, or about 63% of the total global geothermal capacity of 10,892 MWe; and generated 39,969 GWh/yr, or about 60% of the total geothermal generation of 66,184 GWh/yr (Tables ES1 and ES4). The United States was by far the largest producer, generating about 15,000 GWh/yr, with Mexico second with 6,618 GWh/yr and Italy third with 5,376 GWh/yr. The percent of national installed capacity provided by geothermal in the 5 IEA-GIA Member Countries with non-negligible power development ranged from 0.2% for Japan to 22.3% for Iceland, with an average of about 6.6%. The contribution of geothermal to national generation in Member Countries ranged from 0.38% for the USA to 27.0% for Iceland, with an average of 7.7%. 14PDF Image | Geothermal Research and Tech IEA
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