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different continents, with varying geological conditions and stress regimes, and the knowledge gained in the past will need to be applied to new conditions. It is important for the success of EGS that the processes developed through international research and cooperation is applicable in different stress regimes and geological settings. With this in mind, details of this Task are being reassessed and implementation sought. It is also becoming apparent that the flow of information is decreasing as privately funded projects regard the knowledge they obtain as intellectual property rights associated with their investment. In the past, economic models were used to evaluate what tasks or technologies were sensitive to economic viability, and those that were, were given preferential treatment for research and development. Today, the use of economic models has changed; they are now used to raise capital on the financial market. There is concern that financiers may be disenchanted with some of the optimistic claims made previously and projects may not fulfil the requirements for the successful take-up of this technology. A standardised economic model is needed that will take into consideration the local incentives, local labour and environmental requirements and conditions. This should maintain the credibility of the technology and support those organisations that are experienced and can deliver on time and within budget. A part of this Task now incorporates EGS resource assessment, so that the market can compare like with like quantification of resources. A draft report has been prepared by the Australian Geothermal Association to address this aspect and is currently being reviewed. It is anticipated that this Task will continuously evolve depending on the regional requirements, the strategic importance of the resources and their economic viability. Some of the important parameters to be defined are: life-cycle of an EGS system, separation between the wells, production flow rate, flow impedance, water loss, thermal drawdown, contact surface area and reservoir rock volume. These factors will be defined and updated based on experience gained. Anticipated deliverables or outputs will be: (i) ready access to established and emerging Codes (e.g., Australian, Canadian, US Codes, etc.), (ii)a summary of common and diverging aspects of established and emerging Codes, (iii) an evergreen international lexicon (expansive glossary) as a guide to how geothermal resources and reserves can be estimated for reporting purposes, (iv) an evergreen international code to cover a minimum, mandatory set of requirements for the reporting of geothermal resources and reserves, with sufficient flexibility to meet local market requirements, (v) Code compliant estimates of the earth‘s theoretical resource, technical resource, economic (developed and undeveloped) reserves and supplies of geothermal energy (for direct use and power generation) from the full spectrum of geothermal resources (hydrothermal through magmatic conductive resources that require enhancement of permeability to attain flows, e.g., EGS) At present the provisional Task leader is Barry Goldstein but a permanent leader with appropriate experience in this field is being sought. 3.1.2 Task B- Technology Crossover between Hydrothermal and Engineered Geothermal Systems (Task Leaders: Ezra Zemach (ORMAT, USA) and Ann Robertson Tait (GeothermEx, USA) This task has been redefined to encourage cross fertilisation of the established technology from hydrothermal systems to be integrated with the new developments from EGS and to encourage both technologies to benefit from each other‘s knowhow. Geothermal has always been regarded as a continuum of resource from high permeability such as hydrothermal to relatively low permeability such as EGS. Recent observations and data have indicated that knowledge gained from the development of EGS on preferential fluid flow direction due to the in-situ stress regime can also be applied to hydrothermal fields to enhance permeability and recover additional energy. 50PDF Image | Geothermal Research and Tech IEA
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