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10.2 France National Policy 10.2.1 Strategy The first decision to develop renewable energies in France occurred in July 2005 with a law defining a national target for renewables of 10% in 2010, and besides encouraging R&D in energy. Geothermal energy was identified within the 29th article as one of the renewable energies to be developed. A more ambitious policy has been implemented afterwards, mainly due to the ̳Grenelle de l‘environnement‘ process which aimed to redefine the French policy for sustainable development and which was based on discussions with various stakeholders: industry, environmental associations, local authorities, state services, unions, experts. These discussions started in 2007 and one of the six working groups dealt with climate change and control of energy demand. As a conclusion of these discussions on energy, France has decided in 2009 a 2020 target of 23% of renewable energies in its energetic mix. This objective is written in the European directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and in the French law (law n° 2009-967 of 3 August 2009 called "programmation relative à la mise en œuvre du Grenelle de l'environnement"). This means that an additional yearly amount of 20 millions of toe of renewable energies has to be produced in 2020. To reach this objective, the contribution of every type of renewable energy was determined. 50% of the additional energy production is expected from renewable heat and 50% from renewable electricity. The objectives for geothermal heat in 2012 and 2020 have been determined in 2009. They are shown in Figure 10.2 below Direct use: from 1.5 TWh in 2006 to 2.3 TWh in 2012 and 5.8 TWh in 2020, Geothermal heat pumps: from 1.0 TWh in 2006 to 3.9 TWh in 2012 and 6.6 TWh in 2020. That means notably an objective of two millions of households using a ground-source heat pump in 2020. Figure 10.2 Objectives for future development of geothermal heat in France. 97PDF Image | Geothermal Research and Tech IEA
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