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Table 10.1 Capacities and generation of French geothermal power stations. Capacity and Energy Production Value Gross installed capacity by the end of 2010 MWe Operating capacity by the end of 2010 MWe Newly installed geothermal capacity in 2010 MWe 18.3 17.3 1.5 Geothermal electricity produced in 2010 Capacity factor (2010) - 10.3.2 DirectUse The installed thermal power was estimated at 345 MWth in 2009 (source: EurObservER). The associated heat production was 1.5 TWh/yr, which corresponds to an average of 4,400 hours of operation per year. The majority of the running operations are used for district heating; a few of them are feeding greenhouses, fish farms. Etc. As these geothermal solutions have often been put in place in substitution of fuel, it can be assessed that these installations spare around 420,000 tonnes of CO2 per year (with an emission factor of 282 g/kWh). The Paris Basin is remarkable as it counts 35 geothermal doublets (one production well, one injection well) linked to 30 heating networks. These doublets are exploiting the Dogger aquifer which is located at a depth between 1,600 and 1,900 m: the temperature of the pumped water is between 60 and 80 °C. The second location in France for direct use is the Aquitaine (south-west France), with around 10 single production wells: these operations have been realised in the beginning of the 1980s and this technical situation was chosen as the pumped water is not saline and can be discharged to the surface. The regional geology is moreover quite complicated, so that the drilling of reinjection wells is not easy. In addition, the temperature is lower than in the Paris basin which makes the profitability of a doublet harder to achieve. New operations are being realised since 2007 in the Paris basin. After a new doublet in Orly 2 in 2007 and in Aubervilliers in 2009, a third new operation has been realised in 2010 by ADP, the company running the Parisian airports, for Orly Airport. ADP contracted with the French engineering company CFG Services and the French drilling company Cofor (Figure 10.6). The main figures of this operation are listed in Table 10.2 below: Table 10.2 Information regarding the doublet at Orly Airport, France. In addition to these new operations, some wells are also rehabilitated. In 2008, the two existing wells of Sucy-en-Brie have been rehabilitating and their diameter reduced; a new production well has been drilled and both existing wells are now used as injection wells. GWh/yr 14.9 0.1 Technical Figures Economic Figures Temperature: Flow rate: Power: Produced energy: Spared CO2: 74 °C 250-300 m3/h 10 MW 36,000 MWh/yr 8,200 t/yr Total costs: Including doublet cost: Subsidies: € 12.7 M € 9 M 27.4% 102 UnitPDF Image | Geothermal Research and Tech IEA
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