Geothermal Resources in the Caribbean and Latin America

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Geothermal Resources in the Caribbean and Latin America ( geothermal-resources-the-caribbean-and-latin-america )

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Nicaragua Population (millions) - July 1998 4.58 Overall Electrification (% of population) 48% GDP (billion US$) - 1997 est. $9.3 Real GDP Growth Rate - 1997 est. 6.0% Inflation Rate (CPI) - 1997 11.6% Total Installed Capacity (MWe) - 1995 430 Electricity Consumption per Capita (kWh) - 1997 313 Energy Demand Growth Rate 6.1% electricity. Nicaraguacurrentlyhasninepowerplantson thenationalgrid: twothermal,twogas,onegeothermal, twohydro,andtwomini-hydro. Manyoftheplantsarewell over 20 years old and little maintenance has been done since 1979. Nicaragua is a net importer of petroleum, spending US$44 million per year; 60% of the country’s installed capacity is thermalpower. ThebalanceofNicaragua’sinstalled capacity is 5% gas, 11.5% geothermal, and 22.5% hydroelectric. In order to satisfy the growing demand for electricity under the Plan of Expansion, 1997-2015, projections indicate the necessity of putting into operation an additional 1,159 MWewhichincludesretiring280MWe. Ofthistotal,185 MWe would be from geothermal power, specifically: 20 MWe from Momotombo, 50 MWe at San Jacinto-Tizate, and70MWeatElHoyo-MonteGalán. Rural electrification is another priority of the Government of Nicaragua (GON). The GON hopes to attract private investment over the next few years to help fill its immediate energy needs, focusing on projects with short completion dates. The state utility, EmpresaNicaragüensedeElectricidad’s (ENEL),abilityto attract investment will be affected by its weak financial position and losses, estimated as high as 6% of GDP, which are further undercut by the GON’s large balance of Prices (US¢/kWh) - June 1998 Residential Commercial Industrial 14.19 15.85 12.45 Estimated Geothermal Potential (MWe) 3,340 Power Summary Nicaragua has the lowest per capita electricity consumption and the least efficient energy production in Central America. Only48%ofthepopulationhasaccessto Geothermal Resources in Latin America & the Caribbean 72

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