Geothermal Resources in the Caribbean and Latin America

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Geothermal Resources in the Caribbean and Latin America ( geothermal-resources-the-caribbean-and-latin-america )

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With SIEPAC, Nicaragua could develop more of its geothermalresourcestosellasbaseloadtotheregion whileimportingpeakloadcapacity. WithoutSIEPAC, Nicaragua would develop only those geothermal resources it can use domestically or export as baseload to its immediate neighbors. Nicaragua is endowed with large geothermal potential due to the presence of volcanoes of the Marrabios range along the Pacific Coast. Geothermal investigations began in 1966 with a study by the Italian company, Electroconsult. In June 1969, the GON signed a contract with Texas Instruments Inc. to carry out a geothermal research program inwesternNicaragua. Completedin1971,thestudies identified two sites with high enthalpy potential: MomotomboandSanJacinto-Tizate. Followingthe catastrophic earthquake of December 1972 which leveled Managua, the GON cut the program. The commercial exploitation of Momotombo started in 1983, when the first unit of 35 MWe was put in operation. The second unit of 35 MWe was installed in 1989. Geothermal energy accounted for 11.55% of Nicaragua’s electricitygenerationin1997. Duetopoormaintenanceof its steam wells and over-development of the reservoir, Momotombo was only producing 12 MWe as of Summer 1998. TheGONhasissuedtwobidsforfieldreclamation. Geothermal investigations identified ten areas of greatest interest: CosigüinaVolcano,Casita-SanCristóbalVolcano, Telica-ElÑajoVolcano,SanJacinto-TizateVolcano,El Hoyo-Monte Galán Volcano, Momotombo Volcano, Managua-Chiltepe, Tipitapa, Masaya-Granada-Nandaime, and Isla de Ometepe. With the exception of Ometepe, all of the zones are high enthalpy. Currently, one project is in development (San Jacinto-El Tizate), one in the study stage (Masaya-Granada-Nandaime), and three with concessions (El Hoyo-Monte Galán, El Ñajo-Santa Isabel, and Triton Mining Corporation). In addition, Nicaraguan authorities are undertaking a study to identify 60 rural, small-scale geothermal sites. Twelve have been identified to date (Germain, 1998). 1. Casita-San Cristóbal 2. Cosigüina 3. El Hoyo-Monte Galán 4. El Ñajo-Santa Isabel 5. Geothermal Energy Master Plan 6. Isla de Ometepe 7. Managua-Chiltepe 8. Masaya-Granada-Nandaime 9. Momotombo 10. Nagrote-La Paz Centro 11. San Jacinto-El Tizate 12. Tipitapa Geothermal Resources in Latin America & the Caribbean 77

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