PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 027
Also during 2010, the first commercial-scale grid- connected wave generator (0.25 MW) marked its tenth year of operation, having fed electricity into the grid for around 60,000 hours and achieving an average annual availability of 98%.200 In addition, the world’s first commercial-scale tidal turbine (1.2 MW) passed the milestone of providing 2 GWh of electricity to the U.K. electricity grid from the waters off Northern Ireland.201 For the future, projects are planned in a number of countries around the globe. In the United Kingdom, a total of 7.4 MW of prototypes were in the advanced stages of planning and manufacture for deployment during 2011, with another 11 MW of projects awarded consents and a further 23 MW in the U.K. planning system.207 Plans are under way for wave power off the Turkish coast and various ocean energy projects in Indonesia, Italy, and La Reunion in the Indian Ocean.208 Ocean energy advances in 2010 included the launch of at least 0.04 MW of wave demonstration projects in Sweden and continued development of 5 MW in Western Australia.202 In Norway, the 1.5 MW Morild II floating tidal plant opened in November.203 Elsewhere, a 0.075 MW Pelamis wave device began tests with the German utility company E.ON.204 Although a California utility abandoned Construction of Asia’s first commercial tidal current power plant could start in 2011: an initial 50 MW will be built off the coast of the Indian state of Gujarat, with a future total of 250 MW planned.209 In South Korea, several small proj- ects are under way, and construction of the 254 MW Sihwa tidal barrage power plant, expected to be operational in 2011, will increase global existing tidal barrage capacity to nearly 520 MW.210 Other countries assessing technolo- gies include Australia, Canada, France, Ireland, Japan, New Zealand, Portugal, Spain, and the United States.211 01 countries were involved in ocean energy development activities.197 At year’s end, an estimated total of 6 MW of wave (2 MW) and tidal stream (4 MW) capacity had been installed by the 18 member countries of the International Energy Agency (IEA) Implementing Agreement on Ocean Energy Systems.198 Most of these projects were in Europe, with the majority operating off the coasts of Portugal and the United Kingdom for short-term testing and demon- stration, and a few prototypes were initiating first steps toward commercialization.199 three separate wave sites during 2008–10 due to site or cost concerns, wave energy is advancing elsewhere in the United States.205 In 2010, a 0.04 MW wave converter was connected to a power grid on a U.S. marine base in Hawaii, and construction began on what could eventually be a utility-scale wave project off the Oregon coast.206 Sidebar 1. OCean eneRGy TeChnOlOGy anD COMMeRCIalIZaTIOn Commercial application of ocean energy technologies remains limited, but activities leading to future mar- kets increased in 2010. The year saw more than 100 ocean energy projects – exceeding 1 GW in cumulative capacity – reach various phases of development; mean- while, rising financial and political support accelerated the development of infrastructure required to test new prototypes. In 2010, offshore testing facilities were deployed in the United Kingdom, Denmark, Sweden, and Canada. By early 2011, new facilities were under development in Portugal, Spain, Norway, Ireland, and the United States. “oscillating water columns,” which use wave action to compress air and drive generator units. The relative immaturity of ocean energy technology has prompted a wide range of exploratory R&D activi- ties, with various devices racing to reach commercial readiness. This diversity of concepts is clearest in the wave energy sector. Companies in the United Kingdom, Australia, and the United States have tested prototypes of “point absorber” systems, which are typically small relative to wave size and are designed to absorb energy in all directions. These developments have been strongly backed by public R&D funding, particularly in Europe, North America, and South Korea. Governments in these regions are contributing grants and funding, typi- cally in the range of $10–100 million per project or program, for testing facilities, demonstration projects, and basic research. Recent investments have been made by Belgium, Canada, Denmark, Ireland, Portugal, South Korea, and the United States. “Linear absorbers” – typically larger relative to wave size and operating in parallel with wave direction – also have been tested at sea. Other concepts under development include wave “terminators,” which focus and absorb or “terminate” incoming waves, and As wave and tidal technologies progress, other ocean energy technologies – including those tapping energy from thermal and salinity gradients – are gaining prominence on national research agendas. In general, ocean energy technologies remain in an emerging phase of development. While the sector is 15–25 years behind wind energy, it is poised to follow a similar path to wider commercialization. Similar variety exists in the tidal energy sphere. In the past four years, horizontal axis turbines have been launched by several companies in Europe and North America, and an “oscillating hydrofoil” prototype was tested in 2009. Vertical axis (or cross-axis) turbines have reached the operational testing phase. Source: See Endnote 193 for this section 27 RENEWABLES 2011 GlObal STaTuS RePORTPDF Image | GLOBAL STATUS REPORT Renewables 2011
PDF Search Title:
GLOBAL STATUS REPORT Renewables 2011Original File Name Searched:
gsr2011.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |