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n Solar heating and Cooling Industry from eight registered suppliers in 2008 when the subsidy scheme was first launched. The national association SESSA has grown from 200 to 500 corporate members, primarily installers, in two years.60 China has dominated the world market for solar water heating for several years and is also the world leader in manufacturing. Chinese manufacturers of solar water heaters produced 49 million m2 of collector area in 2010. More than 5,000 firms were active in the Chinese indus- try, with most of them operating at the regional and/or national levels; however, approximately 20 of these firms were active internationally.53 The largest Chinese firms include Himin, Linuo, Sunrain, and Sangle. n ethanol Industry A major issue for Chinese manufacturers continues to be the need for systematic improvements in quality and product standardization. Most Chinese production is installed domestically, but increasingly China has been exporting to developing countries in Africa and Central and South America, regions with warmer climates where thermo-siphon systems can be sold. Chinese-made systems have also begun to enter the European market.54 The global ethanol industry recovered in 2010 in response to rising oil prices. Some previously bankrupt firms returned to the market, and there were a number of acquisitions as large traditional oil companies entered the industry.61 In Europe, the solar hot water/heating industry has been marked by acquisitions and mergers among leading play- ers, solid annual growth, and a shift toward increased use of systems for space heating in addition to hot water. Leading manufacturers include Alanod, Almeco-TiNOX, Bosch, Bluetec, GreenOneTec, the Ritter Group, and Solvis. The line between biofuel innovators and traditional oil players was blurred in 2010 with a number of prominent acquisitions. U.S. oil refiner Valero Energy established itself as one of the largest ethanol firms in the United States, acquiring 4.2 billion liters of production capacity at the conclusion of a process that began in 2009. By year’s end, Valero Energy operated 10 ethanol plants, nine of which previously belonged to Verasun. In 2010, leading manufacturers in Germany, Italy, Austria, and Spain began looking increasingly beyond domestic/regional markets to the emerging markets of India and Brazil. Leading European systems suppliers in 2010 included GreenOneTec, Viessman, Schueco, Thermosolar, Solvis, Ritter Solar, Wolf, Kingspan Solar, Vaillant, KBB Kollektobau, Riello Group, Ezinc, and Bosch Thermoteknik. As a result of a 26% drop in system sales in Germany during 2010, due to a temporary suspen- sion of rebates, a number of firms in Germany declared bankruptcy and closed facilities.55 The corn ethanol industry continued to grow in the United States. Ethanol manufacturers in 29 U.S. states operated a total of 204 plants with a capacity of 51 billion liters, and 10 of these plants were undergoing expansion to increase capacity by 2 billion liters.62 03 European installed system prices have not declined in the past 10 years, although tank and collector prices have decreased slightly.56 By contrast, in Brazil the installa- tion cost is typically only 10% of the total system price, reflecting the lower labor costs relative to the EU.57 In addition, refiner Flint Hills acquired 830 million liters of production capacity from Hawkeye’s plants in Kansas; Sunoco acquired Northeast Biofuels’ 379 million liter ethanol plant in New York; and Murphy Oil acquired a 416 million liter North Dakota facility from Verasun. Producer Pacific Ethanol returned from bankruptcy Brazilian firms are emerging as major manufacturers of solar hot water systems. In 2010, Brazilian production of solar collectors reached almost 1 million m2, an increase of 20% over the previous year.58 In 2010, the industry consisted of 200 manufacturers and approximately 1,000 installers.59 in 2010, reopening four plants.63 POET, the integrated biorefiner, operated 26 plants and produced more than 6 billion liters of ethanol (about 12% of the national total) and 4 million tonnes of animal feed in 2010.64 In South Africa, following the doubling of the solar hot water subsidy in response to rising electricity rates, the market is booming and the industry has expanded as a result. Eskom, the South African national utility, recorded that 108 accredited suppliers, 245 registered distributors, and 124 registered independent installers participated in the incentive program during 2010, up In Brazil during 2010, multiple vertically integrated sugarcane groups emerged in the ethanol space that was previously occupied only by market leader Cosan during 2010. Shell launched a joint venture with Cosan to generate electricity and produce ethanol and advanced biofuels, and thereby became Brazil’s largest ethanol producer, with 23 mills producing sugar and ethanol. In addition, Shell and Cosan began jointly developing 45 RENEWABLES 2011 GlObal STaTuS RePORTPDF Image | GLOBAL STATUS REPORT Renewables 2011
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