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electricity with 1,883 MW of hydropower capacity (and 22.3% with geothermal), per Stýrihópur um mótun heildstæðrar orkustefnu (Steering Committee for formulation of a comprehen- sive energy policy), Orkustefna fyrir Ísland, Drög Til Umsagnar (Energy Policy for Iceland, Drafts for Review), Reykjavik, online database, www.eia.gov, viewed June 2011. In 2010, the United States had an estimated 20.5 GW based on 2010 planned additions, per EIA, “Annual Electric Generator Report,” Generator Y09 File, “Proposed” tab, EIA Form 860, 2010, and on total 2009 nameplate capacity from EIA, “Annual Electric Generator Report,” Generator Y09 File, “Exist” tab, EIA Form 860, www.eia.doe.gov/ cneaf/electricity/page/eia860.html, viewed 13 June 2011; Japan had 26.1 GW of pumped storage capacity at the end of 2010, 12 January 2011, p. 5. 175 “Laos Inaugurates 1,070-MW Nam Theun 2 Hydro Project,” HydroWorld.com, 9 December 2010; China from BNEF, op. cit. note 162; Brazil and Ethiopia from “The Big List...,” op. cit. note 155; “One Unit of Beles Hydropower Project in Ethiopia Begins Generating Power,” HydroWorld.com, 10 May 2010; also Tana Beles plant (460 MW), per IHA, op. cit. note 161. per Hironao Matsubara and Yuka Ueno, Institute for Sustainable Energy Policy (ISEP), Tokyo, and Mika Ohbayaski, IRENA, Abu Dhabi, Japan Country Contribution, personal communication with REN21, May 2011. 176 “2,400-MW Son La Hydro Project Starts Generating Power in Vietnam,” HydroWorld.com, 21 December 2010. 191 GW added and total from Saili, op. cit. note 162; China from “Jixi Pumped-storage Hydro Plant Begins Operation in China,” HydroWorld.com, 14 July 2010; Germany from “Waldeck 1 Pumped-storage Hydro Plant in Germany Begins Operation,” HydroWorld.com, 1 June 2010; Slovenia from “Slovenia’s First Pumped-storage Hydropower Project Begins Operation,” HydroWorld.com, 5 April 2010; Ukraine from “Ukraine Launches First Unit of Dnister Pumped-storage Hydroelectric Plant,” HydroWorld.com, 7 January 2010; 2005 total from EIA, “International Energy Statistics - Hydroelectric Pumped Storage Electricity Installed Capacity (Million Kilowatts),” www.eia.gov/ cfapps/ipdbproject/iedindex3.cfm?tid=2&pid=82&aid=7&cid=r egions&syid=2004&eyid=2009&unit=MK. 177 See, for example, International Small Hydro Atlas at www.small-hydro.com; Kizito Sikuka, “Africa Aims to Harness its Huge Hydropower Potential,” AllAfrica.com, 20 August 2009; “Consultative Committee on Power Meets to Discuss Nations’ Hydro Power Development,” TheIndian.com, 17 February 2010; “International Small-Hydro Atlas: Nepal,” at www.small-hydro. com/index.cfm?Fuseaction=countries.country&Country_ID=54. 178 “Ecuador Inaugurates 160-MW Mazar Hydroelectric Power Plant,” HydroWorld.com, 6 January 2011; Turkey from “Damlapinar Hydropower Project in Turkey Begins Commercial Operations,” HydroWorld.com, 8 September 2010; Uzbekistan from 192 Taylor, op. cit. note 163; Appleyard, op. cit. note 188. 193 Sidebar 1 is based on the following sources: IHS Emerging “Gissarak Hydropower Plant Begins Operation in Uzbekistan,” HydroWorld.com, 24 August 2010. 179 The plant is 4.5 MW, per “First Wastewater Hydropower Project Energy Research, Global Ocean Energy Markets and Strategies: 2010–2030 (Cambridge, MA: October 2010); IEA, op. cit. note 196; Aquamarine Power, “Projects: Bilia Croo (Oyster 1),” 2009, at www.aquamarinepower.com/projects/billia-croo-orkney- oyster-1; Carnegie Corporation, Development Timeline, 2011, at www.carnegiecorp.com.au/index.php?url=/ceto/development- timeline; Ocean Power Technologies, “Projects: Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii – Project at Marine Corps Base Hawaii (MCBH), 2010, at www.oceanpowertechnologies.com/projects.htm; Pelamis Wave Power, “Latest News: Pelamis Completes Launch of Second P2 Machine,” press release (Edinburgh: 14 April 2011); Wave Dragon, “Projects: Wave Dragon Projects,” at www.wavedragon.net; Ocean Energy, “Technology: Platform,” at www.oceanenergy.ie/oe-technology/platform.html; Alok Jha, “Environment: Wave Tidal and Hydropower: First Tidal Power Turbine Gets Plugged In,” The Guardian (U.K.), 17 July 2008; Open Hydro, “News: Open Hydro Successfully Deploys 1 MW commercial tidal turbine in the Bay of Fundy,” press release (Dublin: 17 November 2009); Atlantis Resources Corporation, “Giant Tidal Turbine Successfully Installed on the Seabed at the EMEC Facility,” press release (Orkney, U.K.: 24 August 2010); Hydra Tidal, “Press Room: Norwegian Minister of Oil and Energy Kicks Off for Morild II Tidal Power Plant and the Test Period,” press release (Harstad, Norway: 25 November 2011); RER, “Turbines: Test Project Details,” 2010, at www.rerhydro. com/turbinesProject.php; Hammerfest Strøm, “Research and Development: Testing: Kvalsund,” 2011, at www.hammerfest- strom.com/research-and-development/testing/kvalsund/; Tidal Generation Web site, www.tidalgeneration.co.uk; Verdant Power, “Free Flow System,” 2010, at http://verdantpower.com/what- systemsint; Pulse Tidal, “Proven in the Ocean,” 2009, at www. pulsetidal.com/40.html; Ponte di Archimede International S.p.A., “Projects: Kobold,” 2006, at www.pontediarchimede.it; Neptune Renewable Energy, “Latest News: Neptune Renewable Energy ready for commercial deployment after full-scale testing of Proteus Tidal Stream Generator,” press release (North Ferriby, East Yorkshire, U.K.: 2 November 2010); “An Overview of Ocean Renewable Energy Technologies,” Oceanography, Vol. 23, No. 2 (2010). in Australia Begins Operations,” HydroWorld.com, 3 May 2010; capacity from Sonal Patel, “Australia Gets Hydropower from Wastewater,” Power Magazine, 1 July 2010. 01 180 Large-scale hydropower from MNRE, op. cit. note 3. There were 2,954 MW of small-scale hydro installed as of the end of January 2011, per MNRE, “Small Hydro Power Programme,” www.mnre. gov.in/prog-smallhydro.htm, viewed 27 April 2011. 181 Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica of Brazil (ANEEL), Ministério de Minas e Energia, “Capacidade de Geração do Brasil,” 2011 (viewed January 2011 and information provided by CENBIO to REN21), at www.aneel.gov.br/aplicacoes/ capacidadebrasil/capacidadebrasil.asp (in Portuguese). 182 Data as of end-2008 for Canada (1,784 MW), Kazakhstan (1,643 MW), Switzerland (354 MW), and Iran (304 MW) from Taylor, op. cit. note 163. 183 Engineering News, cited in “Rwanda Looks to Small Hydropower,” RenewableEnergyWorld.com, 19 August 2010. 184 Taylor, op. cit. note 163. 185 Announcement by National Energy Administration, per David Stanway, “China to Develop Controversial Nu River Hydro Projects,” Reuters, 2 February 2011,. 186 “Iran, China Planning World’s Tallest Dam, Hydro Project,” HydroWorld.com, 3 March 2011. This is the Bakhtiari Arch dam, at 315 meters, per Arun Kumar, IIT Roorkee India, personal communication with REN21, 6 June 2011. 187 “3,150-MW Santo Antonio Hydro Project in Brazil to Launch in December 2011,” HydroWorld.com, 16 August 2010. The other project, at 11 GW, is due to start generating electricity in 2015, per Elzio Barreto and Carolina Marcondes, “Brazil Approves Building of $17 Billion Amazon Power Dam,” Reuters, 28 January 2011, and “11,200-MW Belo Monte Hydro Project Gets Green Light for Construction,” HydroWorld.com, 27 January 2011. 188 For example, Portugal plans 4.4 GW of new capacity and upgrades; new hydro capacity is under construction or planned in Austria (480 MW to come on line 2011), Switzerland (1 GW by 2015), and the U.K.; and Norway plans significant extensions of existing plants. Portugal from Luísa Silvério, Directorate General for Energy and Geology (DGEG), personal communication with REN21, April 2011; Austria, Norway, and Switzerland from David Appleyard, “Roundup of Hydro Activity in Europe,” Renewable EnergyWorld.com, 26 January 2011; U.K. from “EA: Hydropower on the increase in the UK,” HydroWorld.com, 18 January 2011; main centers from Saili, op. cit. note 162. 194 European Commission, “Ocean Energy – Technical Background,” http://ec.europa.eu/research/energy/eu/research/ocean/ background/index_en.htm, viewed 13 May 2011. 189 Taylor, op. cit. note 163. 195 These included La Rance (France), Annapolis (Canada, 18 MW, 1984), Kislaya Guba (USSR, 0.4 MW, 1968), and Jiangxia (China, 3.9 MW, 1985), per A.M. Gorlov, “Tidal Energy,” in Tidal Energy, 2001, pp. 2955–60, at www.gcktechnology.com/GCK/Images/ ms0032%20final.pdf. Canada (at 20 MW) also from “Nova Scotia Joins Tidal Power Boom (Canada),” Offshorewind.biz, 16 March 103 190 Ranking from EIA, “International Energy Statistics - Hydroelectric Pumped Storage Electricity Installed Capacity (Million Kilowatts),” RENEWABLES 2011 GLOBAL STATUS REPORTPDF Image | GLOBAL STATUS REPORT Renewables 2011
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