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229 Warren Weisman, “Gas from the Past: Biogas 101,” Renewable EnergyWorld.com, 4 January 2011. The number of household digesters for individual use reached 40 million in 2010, per B. Raninger‚ GIZ China, personal communication with REN21 (via Dunja Hoffmann), 18 May 2011. 236 EurObserv’ER, op. cit. note 146. 237 Bärbel Epp, “Germany: Steep Decline in Collector Sales in 2010,” 230 Figure of 60,000 from MNRE, cited in Panchabhutha, “Key Highlights and Achievements of Renewable Energy in India – 2010,” 1 January 2011, at http://panchabuta.com /2011/01/01/ key-highlights-and-achievements-of-renewable-energy-in- india-2010/. Note that as of end-January 2011, India had added 73,281 family-type biogas plants during 2010–11, for a total of 4.3 million, per MNRE, op. cit. note 3. SolarThermalWorld.org, 2 February 2011; Ole Langniss, Fichtner, personal communication with REN21, May 2011; one-third based on 31% from EurObserv’ER, op. cit. note 146. Note that EurObserv’ER puts the decline at nearly 28% relative to 2009, per idem. 231 Enterprises from MNRE, op. cit. note 3; Panchabhutha, op. cit. note 230. 239 Epp, “Germany: Steep Decline in Collector Sales in 2010,” op. cit. note 237. 232 Rankings and data in figures 9 and 10 based on Weiss and Mauthner, op. cit. note 3. 240 EurObserv’ER, op. cit. note 146. 241 Based on 0.56 GWth (800,000 m2) added in 2010 from Renata 238 Germany added about 0.8 GWth in 2010 (compared with about 1.1 GWth in 2009) for an existing capacity of 9.8 GWth by year’s end, according to BMU/AGEE-Stat, op. cit. note 16; German Solar Industry Association (BSW-Solar), “Fact Sheet 01/2011,” www. bsw-solar.de. Note that this is not consistent with the 2009 total of 8.4 GWth in Table R5 from Weiss and Mauthner, op. cit. note 3. 01 from REN21, op. cit. note 2; Guatemala and Argentina from Gonzalo Bravo, Bariloche Foundation, Argentina, personal communication with REN21, May 2010; Mauritius from Stephen Karekezi et al., “Scaling up Bio-energy in Africa,” presentation for International Conference on Renewable Energy in Africa, Dakar, Senegal, 16–18 April 2008; Kenya, Tanzania, and Uganda from Godefroy Hakizimana et al., Renewable Energies in East Africa Regional Report on Potentials and Markets – 5 Country Analyses, prepared for GTZ on behalf of Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) (Eschborn Germany: 2009). 235 Decline from Bärbel Epp, Solrico, “Can Europe Compete in the Global Solar Thermal Market?” RenewableEnergyWorld.com, 21 March 2011; from Bärbel Epp, “Greece Mandates Solar for New and Refurbished Buildings,” SolarThermalWorld.org, 15 December 2010; and from Isabella Kaminski, “European Solar Heating and Cooling Market in Decline,” RenewableEnergyFocus. com, 10 June 2011. Greek and Italian markets from Kaminski, idem; Spain added 0.24 GWth (348,000 m2) in 2010 for a total 228 EPPO, “Electricity Purchased from SPP by Fuel Type as of October, 2010, www.eppo.go.th/power/data/STATUS_SPP_Oct 2010.xls, and “Electricity Purchased from VSPP by Fuel Type as of October, 2010,” www.eppo.go.th/power/data/STATUS_VSPP_ Oct 2010.xls, both viewed 28 February 2011. of 1.65 GWth (2.4 million m2), per Beltrán García-Echániz, op. cit. note 18; Spain’s 2009 growth rate from IDAE, La energía en España, 2009,” Spanish Ministry of Industry, Trade and Tourism, 2010, www.mityc.gob.es/energia/balances/Balances/ LibrosEnergia/Energia_2009.pdf. 233 Solar collector capacity of 185 GWth for 2010 is estimated from Weiss and Mauthner, op. cit. note 3, which provides a 2010 year- end total of 196 GWth for all collectors. Subtracting an estimated 10–11% market share for unglazed collectors brings the total to 176 GWth, adjusted upwards by 5% to 185 GWth to account for those countries not included in the Weiss and Mauthner survey. The gross added capacity during 2010 of 30 GWth is estimated based on the difference between 2009 and 2010 existing unglazed totals in the Weiss and Mauthner survey (25 GWth), and the assumption that 5 GWth were retired globally during 2010 (5% annual retirement rate for systems outside of China, and 2 GWth becoming non-operational in China during 2010). Weiss and Mauthner, op. cit. note 3, and Werner Weiss, AEE – Institute for Sustainable Technologies, Gleisdorf, Austria, personal communication with REN21, 6 April 2011. Note that Weiss and Mauthner report includes 53 countries representing 4.1 billion people, or about 61% of world’s population. Installed capacity represents an estimated 85–90% of installed solar thermal capacity worldwide; the GSR estimates an additional conservative 5% to make up for this unrepresented share. Growth rate based on 2009 data from Weiss and Mauthner, op. cit. note 3. Grisoli, CENBIO, communication with REN21, February 2011; and on 0.7 GWth added from Bärbel Epp, “Can Europe Compete in the Global Solar Thermal Market?” op. cit. note 235; Brazil had an estimated 3.6 GWth (5.2 million m2) in place by the end of 2009, per Grisoli, op. cit. this note. 234 Figure of 25 million m2 added and total of 168 million m2 from Ma Lingjuan, CREIA, personal communication with REN21, 2 2 April and 21 June 2011. Note that an estimated 2 million m were considered non-operational, so net additions were closer to 23 million m2. Numbers were revised downward for China for 2010 relative to those reported in previous report editions due to past accounting for a large number of systems installed in recent years that are no longer operational. In previous editions of this report, data for China accounted only for cumulative added capacity and did not account for systems becoming non-operational. (Note that this is different than system retire- ments in other countries due to aging; in China relatively new systems are becoming non-operational well before their design lifetimes.) In addition, there were some past discrepancies in terms of systems manufactured in China and exported vs. those installed in China. These discrepancies and corrections signifi- cantly affect the global solar hot water picture for past report editions, and mean that the figures in this edition should not be compared with figures in previous editions. However, there is no explanation for why China’s added capacity is so much lower than markets in 2008 (22 GWth) or 2009 (29 GWth); data will be adjusted in the next edition of this report. state rankings) are uncertain for 2010. This is because 2010 was the first year that solar thermal systems were required on new homes; the rebate, which provided the ability to track new systems, was thus eliminated. Bärbel Epp, “Hawaii: Is the Strongest Solar Thermal Market in the US in Trouble?” SolarThermalWorld.org, 20 January 2011. 242 In the four states of São Paulo, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, and Espirito Santo, all located in the southeast of the country, per DASOL, the Solar Heating Department of the association ABRAVA in Brazil, cited in Bärbel Epp, “Brazil: South-east Dominates Solar Thermal Market,” SolarThermalWorld.org, 3 August 2010. 243 Weiss and Mauthner, op. cit. note 3; Werner Weiss and Franz Mauthner, Solar Heat Worldwide: Markets and Contribution to the Energy Supply 2008, prepared for IEA Solar Heating and Cooling Programme (Gleisdorf, Austria: May 2010). 244 MNRE, op. cit. note 91. 245 SEIA, op. cit. note 9. Note that data for Hawaii (and thus the 246 Number of systems added, capacity added, and market growth rate from SEIA, op. cit. note 9; 2.3 GWth based on 2.1 GWth at the end of 2009 from SEIA, op. cit. note 114. 247 SEIA, op. cit. note 9. 248 Egypt from New and Renewable Energy Authority (NREA), Annual Report 2010, Ministry of Electricity and Energy, Egypt, January, 2011, cited in GSR country report from Maged K. Mahmoud, RCREEE; South Africa from Bärbel Epp, “South Africa: Eskom’s Incentive Programme Shows a Steep Ramp Up,” SolarThermalWorld.org, 8 February 2011; Ethiopia and Kenya from Mark Hankins, African Solar Designs, Kenya, personal communication with REN21, May 2010; Tunisia and Zimbabwe from Weiss and Mauthner, op. cit. note 243; Namibia from Weiss and Mauthner, op. cit. note 3. 249 Egypt from NREA, op. cit. note 248; Morocco from Bärbel Epp, “Morocco: The National Market Offers Huge, But Insufficiently Exploited Potential,” SolarThermalWorld.org , 23 March 2011. 250 Weiss and Mauthner, op. cit. note 3. 251 Ibid. 252 Ibid. 105 RENEWABLES 2011 GLOBAL STATUS REPORTPDF Image | GLOBAL STATUS REPORT Renewables 2011
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