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Geothermal Basics: Q&A Table of Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................. 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................... 2 1. TECHNOLOGY BASICS............................................................................... 5 1.1. What is geothermal energy?.......................................................5 FIGURE 1: TEMPERATURES IN THE EARTH ...............................................................5 FIGURE 2: GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIR .....................................................................6 FIGURE 3: FIRST GEOTHERMAL PLANT, 1904, LARDERELLO, ITALY..............................7 1.2. What is a baseload resource? ...........................................................8 1.3. How does a conventional geothermal power plant work?................9 FIGURE 4: TOTAL U.S. GEOTHERMAL INSTALLED CAPACITY BY TECHNOLOGY (MW) 1975–2012 ....................................................................................................9 FIGURE 5: FLASH POWER PLANT ........................................................................10 FIGURE 6: DRY STEAM POWER PLANT .................................................................11 FIGURE 7: BINARY POWER PLANT.......................................................................12 FIGURE 8: FLASH/BINARY POWER PLANT.............................................................13 1.4. How do geothermal heat pumps work? ..........................................13 FIGURE 9: GEOTHERMAL HEAT PUMPS................................................................14 1.5. How do direct use applications work?.............................................15 FIGURE 10: DIRECT USE GEOTHERMAL HEATING SYSTEM .......................................16 2. CURRENT USE ........................................................................................ 17 2.1. How much geothermal energy is used in the U.S.? .........................17 2.2. What non-conventional technologies are used for geothermal production? ............................................................................................18 FIGURE 11: CALIFORNIA RENEWABLE ENERGY GENERATION BY FUEL TYPE, 1983-2010 ....................................................................................................................19 2.3. How much geothermal energy is used internationally? ..................20 TABLE 1. COUNTRIES GENERATING GEOTHERMAL POWER AS OF MAY 2012 ..............21 FIGURE 12: TOP COUNTRIES FOR GEOTHERMAL CAPACITY GROWTH, 2008-2012 ......22 3. POTENTIAL USE...................................................................................... 24 2PDF Image | Green Machine Series 4000
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