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manufacturers to plan for the future. Although the Asian market has only recently blossomed, China, Japan, and Korea all participate in the IEA Heat Pump Conferences and have made important contributions to the research effort. It is important to continue the international cooperation as the industry continues to mature. The European heat pump market suffered a major blow in the late 1980’s and early 1990’s after booming initially during the oil crisis of the 1970’s. The lack of skilled installers and poor equipment quality damaged the reputation of the technology. It is in the best interest of the GSHP industry that the U.S. maintain high quality and service through periods of growth. Since the late 1990’s, the European industry has been reborn with the help of various government and utility programs as well as rising energy prices. Programs and policies vary by country. Sweden has been most successful at penetrating the new and retrofit markets. 7.3 Observations/Conclusions for Residential Applications Our analysis of a representative single‐family residential application (about 3000 sq. ft.) suggests the following. 7.3.1 Residential Unit Energy Savings Compared to typical‐efficiency ASHPs, ranges of unit energy savings are (as a percent of space‐conditioning energy consumption): • Advanced ASHPs: 20 to 30 percent • Typical‐Efficiency GSHPs: 25 to 50 percent • High‐Efficiency GSHPs: 50 to 70 percent Compared to typical‐efficiency furnaces (natural gas, propane or fuel oil) and air conditioners, ranges of unit energy savings are (as a percent of space‐ conditioning energy consumption): • Advanced ASHPs: 20 to 30 percent • Typical‐Efficiency GSHPs: 25 to 30 percent • High‐Efficiency GSHPs: 50 to 60 percent These ranges are narrower than reported above for the typical‐efficiency‐ASHP baseline because there is less regional variation in heating‐season performance compared to ASHPs. U.S. Department of Energy 82PDF Image | Ground‐Source Heat Pumps
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