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8 Recommended Initiatives to Accelerate Market Adoption of GSHPs We recommend that DOE support advanced heat pumps in general, rather than supporting only one type (such as GSHP). Based on our investigation, all types of heat pumps (GSHPs, ASHPs, and possibly hybrid systems) can play important roles helping DOE pursue its energy‐efficiency objectives. Incentives such as federal tax credits or utility rebates can be based on energy efficiency achieved, rather than type of heat pump. R&D projects can be pursued based on the individual merit of each prospective project, rather than type of heat pump. This will require close coordination between the Geothermal Technologies Group (which is responsible for GSHPs) and Building Technologies Group (which is responsible for ASHPs). This coordination will help ensure that both types of heat pumps are developed, evaluated, and promoted in a way that ensures that apples‐to‐apples comparisons are made and that duplication of effort is avoided to the extent possible. 8.1 Additional Evaluations Additional evaluations will help determine the likely impacts of R&D efforts to lower costs and to identify promotional projects that may be of interest to stakeholders. We recommend that GT and BT pursue the following evaluation activities. 8.1.1 Potential for GSHP Cost Reductions Evaluate the potential for first‐cost reductions for GSHPs , including potential economies of scale, alternative business models, and potential partnering relationships. Working with industry stakeholders, identify concepts to lower ground‐loop installation costs then estimate their likely cost impacts. Potential concepts may include: • Reducing the need for, and/or cost of, evaluating ground conditions (soil type/mix, thermal conductivity, water content/ground‐water depth) • For new construction, maximizing use of excavation required for the building foundation, including coupling ground loop to the foundation • Hybrid systems using air‐cooled condensers or possibly cooling towers to reduce ground‐loop size while still meeting peak cooling requirements • Additives to enhance soil conductivity in the vicinity of the ground loop • Heat‐exchanger designs, or extended surfaces that then attach to ground loops, that can be hammered into soil • Low‐cost drilling/excavation equipment, including water‐jet technology. U.S. Department of Energy 90PDF Image | Ground‐Source Heat Pumps
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