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Separate Generator Accessibility and maintainability are also reasons for this choice. Equally important is the consideration that a separate generator can employ conventional methods for rotor and stator cooling (hydrogen and water, respectively) without undue concern over ingress of these fluids into the power cycle CO2, or vice versa. Another point is that shaft sealing should be easier for CO2 than for He, and a less stringent leakage specification can be tolerated because CO2 is so inexpensive. Substitution of a shaft coupling/seal unit for a high-pressure encapsulation vessel will also reduce capital cost. Integral Configuration This is the single most important branch point in the decision tree leading to selection of design features. As evident in Table 2.1, other design teams have populated the full spectrum of choices, ranging from everything in a PCU vessel (GT-MHR) to a multi-module, fully-dispersed arrangement (MIT-MPBR). Supporting considerations for a single horizontal vessel housing the turbomachinery and heat exchangers are as follows: 1. Physical Feasibility Supercritical CO2 turbomachinery is extremely compact, of small diameter and length: e.g. the turbine and both compressors are only a meter or so in diameter. Furthermore the cycle is a simple one, without intercooling and amenable to use of a single shaft configuration. Even more important is the adoption of HeatricTM PCHE for the recuperators and precooler. Their extremely compact nature, short channel length in particular, enables their emplacement in an annulus surrounding the turbomachines, in an outer vessel comparable in size to a PWR pressure vessel. 2. The Elimination of Complicated Ductwork It is quite difficult to configure high pressure (20 MPa) ducts linking even the small number of components in the S-CO2 cycle. Accommodation of differential and transient temperature gradients dictates use of duct lengths and bend radii larger than mere physical separation would require. This also increases parasitic pressure drop more than one would prefer, even given the fairly tolerant nature of the S-CO2 cycle in this regard. Furthermore, to meet ASME code requirements, the temperature of the high-pressure ducting must be reduced, requiring internal insulation and external cooling—all of which adds to complexity, cost and increased auxiliary power consumption. 8PDF Image | 300 MWe Supercritical CO2 Plant Layout and Design
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