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Analysis of a solar assisted micro-cogeneration ORC system 259 Risk Statements – EF and T NR HF and T HF and T F and T HF and T NR Table 2. Prices and risk of several fluids Price* (C/litre) Fluid water n-pentane 33 HFE 7100 151 Methanol 42 Cyclohexane 65 Ammonia** 185 Toluene 79 R245fa – (100 gr) n.a. EF: Extremely Flammable HF: Highly Flammable T: Toxic NR: No Risk statements *Prices offered by Sigma-Aldrich Company in March 2008 **Ammonia solutions have different prices and risk, depending on the solution Table 3. Thermal performance of several fluids for cycle 2 Fluid Water n-pentane HFE 7100 Methanol Cyclohexane Ammonia Toluene R245fa P1 [kPa] 198.5 896.9 504.2 630.5 286.3 9116 131 1920 P2 [kPa] 9.59 136.7 60.67 43.7 30 1782 9.916 295.6 superheating DT [K] 0 0.41 0 0 0.2408 0 0.3247 0 . Qinput [kW] 39.7 41.1 41.6 40.4 40.4 42.3 40.1 42.7 . Qcond [kW] 34.7 36.3 36.7 35.8 35.5 38.0 35.5 38.2 h% 12.59 12.14 12.02 12.39 12.36 11.83 12.45 11.70 s.v.c. [kg/Wh] xout % Table 4 presents the results for cycle 3 for the fluids that are below a critical temperature of 230oC. For the fluids that are above a critical temperature of 230oC, the performance increases with the turbine inlet pressure. Table 5 presents the results for these fluids when the pressure is fixed at 2500 kPa (the maximum according to the micro-turbine manufacturer); n-pentane presents the best result, with an efficiency of about 20%. Taking all constraints into consideration (efficiency, toxicity, price, critical tem- perature and turbine inlet pressure) cyclohexane still led to the best performance results, with an electricity generation efficiency of 22.2% (Q. Q = 17.6 kW). cond 3.2 Solar circuit (secondary circuit) = 22.5 kW and . input The solar circuit and its components were modelled with EES software coupled with the TRNSYS simulation program, [6]. International Journal of Low Carbon Technologies 3/4 0.01136 0.07172 0.2098 0.02456 0.0654 0.0333 0.06232 0.1477 – 91.94 – – 92.05 – 76.41 –PDF Image | Analysis of a solar assisted micro cogeneration ORC
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