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CHAetal., DevelopmentofaSupercriticalCO2BraytonEnergyConversionSystemCoupledwithaSodiumCooledFastReactor Table 2. Cycle Efficiency and Heat-transfer Area with a Flow-split Ratio at Downstream from the LTR Flow-split ratio [%] 65 69 70 71 Cycle efficiency [%] 43.8 43.1 42.9 42.8 Heat-transfer area of LTR [m2] 263868.9 96429.2 83465.7 73969.3 Area ratio for the 65% flow-split ratio 1 0.365 0.316 0.280 Fig. 3. Specific Diameter and Specific Speed with the Compressor Type area of the LTR with a split-flow ratio (65%, 69%, 70%, and 71%). Although the cycle efficiency shows the maximum when the split-flow ratio is 65% at the cooler- side, the length of the flow-path was estimated to exceed the manufacturing limit of the PCHE. When the split-flow ratio was 71%, the area of the LTR considerably decreased to 28% of the area of the 65% flow ratio, although the efficiency decreased by only 1%. Considering the cycle efficiency and the area in the PCHE, the flow-split ratio for the cooler-side was determined at 71%. 3. PRELIMINARYDESIGNOFMAJOR COMPONENTS AND FLOW ANALYSIS 3.1 Design of Supercritical CO2 Compressor The efficiencies of the turbine and compressor are important parameters for the S-CO2 energy conversion cycle. Since there is no practical experience of S-CO2 turbomachinery related with the Brayton cycle, it is necessary to establish the methodology for the design and performance analysis before the detailed design and manufacturing stage. The development process for a compressor can be roughly divided into conceptual design, preliminary design, detailed design, and performance evaluation. In the conceptual design, the compressor type is previously determined together with the overall size from the characteristic diagram of Barber-Nichols Inc. seen in Figure 3 [10]. The contour line in the diagram indicates the same efficiency according to compressor type. After this, the specific speed and the specific diameter are roughly selected, and the compressor type is iteratively determined to maximize the efficiency by tuning the specific speed Ns and the specific diameter Ds in Equation (1). where N is the rotation number of the compressor (rpm), D is the diameter (ft), H is the head (ft), and Vf is the volume flow rate (ft3/s). A conceptual design of the two compressors for the KALIMER-600 Brayton cycle was conducted by using the above methodology. The design parameters are summarized in Table 3 for the conceptual design of the two centrifugal compressors. The parameters such as the averaged density, the rotational speed, and the volume NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL.41 NO.8 OCTOBER 2009 1029 (1)PDF Image | DEVELOPMENT OF A SUPERCRITICAL CO2 BRAYTON ENERGY
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