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CHAetal., DevelopmentofaSupercriticalCO2BraytonEnergyConversionSystemCoupledwithaSodiumCooledFastReactor Fig. 16. Flow Rate and Temperature Change in the PHTS/IHTS and the Na-CO2 Inlet/Outlet in the S-CO2 Side for the Transient Operation limited due to the lack of certain component data such as that for the turbines and the coolers. However, we concluded that the developed model had a good capability to simulate the KALIMER-600 plant. After appropriate turbines and coolers, including support mechanisms, are designed, we can finalize the MMS-LMR code and will develop the control strategies for the S-CO2 Brayton cycle. 4.2 Assessment of Na-CO2 Pressure Boundary Failure Accident The potential tube rupture of an Na/CO2 heat exchanger would generally involve the following technical issues. A high-pressure blowdown of CO2 gas into the liquid sodium in a Na/CO2 heat exchanger would cause a system pressurization coupled with a significant chemical reaction between the liquid sodium and the CO2 gas, which could threaten the structural integrity of the heat exchanger itself and its related systems. Since these features would depend on the amount and the rate of the reaction heat release as well as on the type of reaction products, e.g. gaseous and non-gaseous, a boundary failure accident should be assessed to confirm the impact on plant safety and to check the effectiveness of the plant’s protective methods. In previous works [25,26], it has been reported that the chemical interaction between CO2 and liquid sodium has fewer serious potential risks than those of an SWR. However, the consequences of this type of chemical interaction needs to be evaluated to achieve a more feasible and reliable system design. Thus, a simple and reasonable numerical method to simulate the complex thermodynamic behaviors coupled with the chemical reaction between liquid sodium and CO2 gas was developed, and the computer code STASCOR (System Transient Analyzer for Sodium and Carbon- diOxide Reaction) was formulated by implementing a detailed chemical reaction model and various system models. The long term behavior of an Na/CO2 boundary failure event and its consequences, which lead to a system pressure transient, were evaluated for the shell-and-tube type Na/CO2 heat exchanger of the KALIMER-600[27] employing a supercritical CO2 Brayton cycle. From the review of the event category of the SFR system [25], it was concluded that all the events except the Na-CO2 reaction from the boundary failure are the same as those of the Rankine cycle because the secondary system of KALIMER-600 is non safety grade. The computer code “STASCOR” was developed; it has a simplified Mass & Energy Transfer Model, a CO2 leak model, and a Dynamic System Models for Overpressure Protection System design. 1040 NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL.41 NO.8 OCTOBER 2009PDF Image | DEVELOPMENT OF A SUPERCRITICAL CO2 BRAYTON ENERGY CONVERSION
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