PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 008
HEJZLARetal., AssessmentofGasCooledFastReactorwithIndirectSupercriticalCO2Cycle Direct He Indirect He/N2-He Core outlet P (MPa), T (°C) Core inlet T (°C) Primary flowrate, (kg/s) Turbine inlet P, T Turbine outlet P, T Net efficiency % 7 / 850 480 310 7 / 850 2.5 / 500 48.2 7 / 850 480 310 6.5 / 820 1.8 / 460 46.6 alloy can be developed, the maximum net efficiency of 46.3%, which matches the target efficiency of 46.3%, is achievable at 50°C lower core outlet temperature than the 850°C for the direct Brayton cycle. Only a small efficiency gain is possible by increasing core outlet temperature to 850°C, hence the core inlet/outlet temperatures of 530/800°C have been selected as an optimum for the advanced SCO2 cycle design. Table 5. Three Potential GFR Energy Conversion Cycles Indirect He/SCO2 7 / 680 461 526 25 / 650 6 / 468 46.2 An outlet core temperature of 680°C was imposed in order to have a significant advantage in term of core design independently of potential penalties in terms of IHX design (decrease of the primary to secondary temperature difference leading to an increase of the required heat transfer area). The obtained cycle parameters result from an optimization process (in particular the inlet core temperature). The interest in SCO2 cycles for balance of plant is confirmed, i.e., attractive efficiency for lower outlet core temperature. Compared to “Advanced I” case (all indirect He/SCO2 cycle designs are summarized in Table 6 of Section 3.5), this lower core temperature implies a greater coolant mass flow rate and therefore a greater blower power. In spite of this additional energy consumption, the cycle efficiency remains about the same due to the colder heat sink and higher maximum pressure set. Another interesting issue of the He/SCO2 cycle studied by CEA is the optimum core inlet temperature for which a maximum value of 480°C was imposed during the optimization process to limit the vessel wall temperature. In standard Brayton cycles, the thermodynamic optimum is above this 480°C temperature whereas in the SCO2 indirect cycle, the optimum found is slightly below this limit which could ease the vessel design. Another objective of the CEA study has been to define the global layout of an indirect cycle for a GFR based on SCO2 in order to compare it to the direct cycle lay out. For the conditions reported in Table 5, preliminary pre-sizing of the SCO2 main power conversion cycle components has been performed. Five to six stages for the turbine (tip diameter of 1.3 m) and 16 to 19 stages for the recompressing compressor (tip diameter of 0.8 m) were obtained. The main compressor, which operates in the liquid phase and behaves more like a pump, was not studied. However, the compactness of the conversion cycle is confirmed even with a higher pressure ratio. As far as the power conversion system is concerned a possible turbine hall lay out is given in Figure 8. MIT studies complemented by CEA analyses have led to this pre-sizing. The overall system layout is shown in Figure 9. This Fig. 7. Indirect Cycle Efficiency Map for Two Core Inlet and Outlet Temperatures 3.5 GFR with Advanced SCO2 Design at 650°C and Reduced Heat Sink Temperature In the framework of GFR exploratory studies, CEA has launched a consistent study about various power conversion cycles of potential interest for GFR design using the CYCLOP computer tool [20]. Similar assumptions have been adopted to the largest extent possible in order to have a fair compa- rison. In all cases, helium was the primary coolant. direct, indirect and combined cycles were studied with different types of fluids: N2, CO2, H2O. For these latter fluids, supercritical options were considered with similar maximum values: 25 MPa, 650°C. A sea water heat sink with a low temperature of 15°C and a maximum inlet core temperature of 480°C were assumed. Some preliminary results are summarized in Table 5. The following comments can be made concerning the He/SCO2 cycle: The 15°C sea water heat sink chosen implies that the main compressor inlet temperature will be below the critical value of 30.97°C (about 21°C, for a 6°C pinch point). As mentioned in Section 2, a CO2 sub-critical temperature could lead to design problems (cavitation). It has yet to be confirmed whether this is very different from condensate extraction pumps used in steam cycles. 116 NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, VOL.38 NO.2 SPECIAL ISSUE ON ICAPP ‘05PDF Image | GAS COOLED FAST REACTOR WITH INDIRECT SUPERCRITICAL CO2
PDF Search Title:
GAS COOLED FAST REACTOR WITH INDIRECT SUPERCRITICAL CO2Original File Name Searched:
Infinity_JK0380109.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)