Geothermal and Hydroelectric Energy in Iceland and Alaska

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Geothermal and Hydroelectric Energy in Iceland and Alaska ( geothermal-and-hydroelectric-energy-iceland-and-alaska )

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Susitna-Watana Project The proposed project would be located 15 miles upstream of Devil’s Canyon, approximately halfway between Anchorage and Fairbanks. There would be a 700-foot high dam creating a 557-foot difference between the tail water and the maximum pond elevation. The reservoir created would be 39 miles long and 2 miles wide creating a capacity of 600 MW. The reason this project is recommended is because it would allow the state to reach its 50% goal without any other projects, which no other scenario could do. Also the project would allow for more winter storage and create cheaper energy than any other project. The Susitna-Watana project also has fewer environmental implications than the Chakachamna project6. This is not to say there are not environmental implications. The biggest potential impacts of the project could be felt on the fisheries. Changes in water quality, thermal regime, suspended sediment load, and other consequences could impact the ecosystems. Chakachamna The Lake Chakachamna project would be located 85 miles west of Anchorage and would supply 300 MW of power to the Railbelt. The design would be a lake tap using a 10-mile long tunnel to a powerhouse that would be connected to the grid near Beluga. In 2010, AEA recommended that further development work should be limited to the Susitna project due to the Chakachamna project’s significant licensing and operational risks7. A Quick Comparison of Iceland and Alaska The population of Iceland is about 50% of the population of Alaska whereas the land is about 5% of the size of Alaska. Yet even with these differences, Iceland consumes significantly more power. This is because of the development of energy intensive industries (EII) such as data processing and metal smelting. Figure 5 shows the electrical consumption by industry, and the aluminum industry consumes an overwhelming 73% of the electricity produced. Electricity in Iceland comes from hydroelectric and geothermal. Additionally, 90% of buildings are heated from geothermal resources. In Alaska, hydroelectric energy does play a significant role in electricity production, but natural gas produces over half of the total production. And in terms of home heating, natural gas and fuel oil play the dominant roles. Figure 1 summarizes these facts below. 6 Alaska Energy Authority, 2007 7 Renewable Energy Atlas, 2011 9

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