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Geothermal and Hydroelectric Energy in Iceland and Alaska

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Geothermal and Hydroelectric Energy in Iceland and Alaska ( geothermal-and-hydroelectric-energy-iceland-and-alaska )

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Iceland Alaska Population GDP (USD, 2011) 12.3 Billion 45 Billion Power Consumption/ (Petajoules in 2010) 234.0 .676 Electricity Home Heating Area (square miles) 39,768 Installed Energy 2,579.0 Capacity in 2011 (MW) Hydroelectric 73.8% Geothermal Electricity 26.2% Natural Gas - Electricity Generation Oil - Coal - Natural Gas - 664,988 2,067.0 (1,400 in Railbelt) 21% - 56% 14% 9% 46% 10% Fuel Oil - 36% Electricity 10% Figure 1. Comparison on Iceland and Alaska. Source: STATICE, AEA. Geothermal 90% - One of the biggest differences between the power infrastructures in the two locations is the connectivity of the grids. Where Iceland has a much smaller geographic size, all of the communities are connected to the grid whereas in Alaska this is not the case. Iceland does have to import oil but only for transportation and for some industries such as fishing8. Exploration for domestic oil and gas reserves is currently ongoing, and Orkustofnun, the National Energy Authority, believes there are significant commercial accumulations of offshore oil and gas. On January 22, 2009, Iceland announced its first round of offshore licensing to companies looking to explore for hydrocarbons in the Dreki area, northeast of Iceland. If Iceland is able to find and produce oil and gas, not only can the state become energy independent, but it can also look to export energy. Physical Differences between Iceland and Alaska Rift Zone vs. Subduction Zone The key difference in the geology of Iceland and Alaska is the type of tectonic control. In Iceland, the tectonic plates are moving away from each other causing a separation. This rifting causes an upward flow of magma bringing with it large amounts of thermal energy. There is a volcanic eruption every 5 years, on average. 8 Ragnarsson, Arni, 2008. 319,575 626,932 10

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