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I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION The IEA’s involvement in geothermal energy began in 1978, with the launching of the “Man- Made Geothermal Energy Systems” Project (MAGES) Implementing Agreement (IA) in the IEA Energy Technology Collaboration Programme (ETCP). One year later, the “Geothermal Equipment Testing” IA began. However, upon the completion of these two 3-year long studies, there was a hiatus in geothermal activities until the IEA Secretariat in Paris initiated an effort to revive them in 1995. In May 1995, an ad-hoc meeting was convened in Florence, Italy, in conjunction with the World Geothermal Congress’95, where representatives of 14 countries expressed general interest in international collaboration under the IEA ETCP umbrella. An IEA Geothermal Expert Panel was formed specifically to prepare the IA Annexes. The legal text and three technical Annexes of the IEA Implementing Agreement for a Cooperative Programme on Geothermal Research and Technology, or Geothermal Implementing Agreement (GIA), were formulated in two subsequent meetings in Paris (November 1995, April 1996) with significant assistance from the IEA Secretariat. The GIA officially went into effect on 7 March 1997, with an initial operating period of five years. In late 2001, the Agreement was extended for a second 5-year term, to 31 March 2007, with the approval of the Renewable Energy Working Party (REWP) and the IEA Committee on Energy Research and Technology (CERT). The GIA provides an important and flexible framework for broad international cooperation in geothermal R & D, which seeks especially to overcome barriers to the development of geothermal energy utilization. Important national programmes are brought together with a focus on assembling specific know-how and generating synergies by establishing direct cooperative links among geothermal experts in the participating countries (Table ES1). GIA activities are directed primarily toward the coordination of the ongoing national activities of the participating countries, and encompass a range of geothermal topics, from “traditional” uses such as power generation and direct use of heat, to new technologies pertinent to enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) and deep resources. New activities are also initiated and implemented when needs are established. THE OBJECTIVES AND NEW STRATEGIC PLAN The GIA’s first Strategic Plan, produced at its formation in 1997 as a guide for the first 5- years of operation, identified the organization’s goal as: to encourage and support the worldwide use of geothermal energy. To attain this goal, major objectives were set and included: to conduct international collaborative efforts to compile and exchange improved information on worldwide geothermal energy research and development concerning existing and potential technologies and practices; to develop improved technologies for geothermal energy utilization; and to improve the understanding of the environmental benefits of geothermal energy and methods to avoid or ameliorate its environmental drawbacks. Though these efforts kept the GIA on track for its initial years, the dynamic nature of its operating environment became apparent, and was a major consideration in the design of the GIA’s second term (2002-2007) Strategic Plan (accepted in 2003). The new Plan reflects the actions underway, and those being considered, by the GIA in response to market, management and government policy dynamics, as well as technological advances. It specifies the mission for the second term as being: to advance and support the use of geothermal energy on a worldwide scale by overcoming barriers to its development. To do so, the original objectives were augmented with additional ones specifically focused on: expanding R&D collaboration, increasing the number of participants, increasing outreach to non-Member countries with large geothermal energy potential; evaluating market stimulation mechanisms, improving dissemination of information about geothermal energy and leveraging limited R&D funding through association with the IEA. IEA Geothermal R&T Annual Report 2004.doc 3PDF Image | Geothermal Energy Annual Report 2004
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