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II. IEA GEOTHERMAL R&T PROGRAMME ANNEX I • Planning and preparation for a two-day workshop on geothermal induced seismicity to be held in conjunction with the Stanford Geothermal Workshop (January 2005). • New research requirements for induced seismicity, monitoring of natural CO2 and convective heat flow, classification of thermal feature vulnerability, testing of mitigation and remediation methods and development of bioremediation methods to remove toxic elements from waste water discharges were identified as important longer-term R&D needs based upon discussions with geothermal developers and regulators. • Planned collaboration among geochemical researchers in Italy, Iceland, the USA and New Zealand to jointly investigate methods for monitoring natural CO2 emissions from thermal areas in order to quantify the net long-term effects of geothermal development on global warming through CO2 emissions. • Annex participants took part in a half-day workshop to discuss progress on the continuing tasks and began planning for the new induced seismicity subtask (Subtask D). 2.3.2 Subtask A- Impacts on Natural Features Compared changes to thermal features due to geothermal development as experienced in Iceland and New Zealand. Prepared submissions on appropriate geothermal policy changes to help regulators manage effects in a practical manner. 2.3.3 Subtask B- Discharge and Reinjection Problems The effects of waste water disposal on groundwater and surface water in Iceland were compared to those arising from disposal options identified at Wairakei, New Zealand. Potential causes of subsidence in geothermal fields around the world were investigated, and methods to improve predictive capabilities of subsidence models were investigated. 2.3.4 Subtask C- Methods of Impact Mitigation Case studies from the Philippines of the effects of vertical discharges on vegetation and landslide mitigation were analyzed and published 2.3.5 Subtask D- Seismic Risk from Fluid Injection into EGS The EC, the USA and New Zealand commenced investigations to develop an understanding of the mechanisms, provide strategies and robust hazard assessment methods for large induced earthquakes caused by injection/production in enhanced geothermal systems. 2.4 Highlights of Annex I Programme Work for 2004 The Annex I highlights for 2004 include: • The second Special Issue of Geothermics containing seven articles describing Annex I work in New Zealand, the Philippines and Turkey was finalized and submitted for publication. • New Subtask D investigating induced seismicity commenced and workshop organized, with 38 participants from France, Germany, New Zealand and the USA. • Collaboration among Iceland, Italy and New Zealand on natural CO2 emission was begun. IEA Geothermal R&T Annual Report 2004.doc 20PDF Image | Geothermal Energy Annual Report 2004
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